Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Selulosa merupakan biopolimer yang berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan pengemas makanan ramah lingkungan, namun memiliki keterbatasan karena tidak bersifat heat sealable. salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan sifat tersebut adalah melalui modifikasi menggunakan deep eutectic solvent (des). penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi selulosa dari limbah kulit manggis (garcinia mangostana l.), memodifikasinya menggunakan des berbasis kolin klorida–urea, serta mengevaluasi potensinya sebagai film heat sealable. selulosa diisolasi melalui kombinasi perlakuan kimia dan ultrasonikasi, kemudian dibuat menjadi film dengan metode solution casting. modifikasi dilakukan menggunakan des dengan rasio des:h₂o sebesar 0,02:1,0,04:1 dan 0,06;1. film yang dihasilkan dikarakterisasi menggunakan ftir, xrd, sem, tga, dan uji tarik, serta dievaluasi melalui uji heat sealable, penyerapan air, sudut kontak, biodegradabilitas, fotodegradasi uv, dan organoleptik. hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selulosa berhasil diisolasi dari kulit manggis dengan rendemen sebesar 39,79%. analisis ftir mengindikasikan berkurangnya lignin dan hemiselulosa serta adanya interaksi antara des dan gugus hidroksil selulosa. analisis xrd menunjukkan peningkatan kristalinitas dari 39,26% menjadi 54,34% setelah isolasi selulosa, kemudian menurun setelah modifikasi des. film dengan rasio des:h₂o 0,04:1 menunjukkan karakteristik terbaik dengan kuat tarik sebesar 53,92 mpa, elongasi 9,32%, kemampuan heat sealable yang baik, bersifat biodegradable, tahan terhadap paparan sinar uv selama 25 hari, serta mampu mempertahankan kualitas buah anggur selama penyimpanan. selulosa dari limbah kulit manggis yang dimodifikasi menggunakan des berbasis kolin klorida–urea berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai film heat sealable ramah lingkungan untuk aplikasi pengemasan makanan. kata kunci: kulit manggis, selulosa, deep eutectic solvent, heat sealable, pengemas makanan ramah lingkungan

Cellulose is a biopolymer with the potential to be used as an environmentally friendly food packaging material; however, its application is limited because it is not inherently heat-sealable. One approach to improve this property is through modification using a Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES). This study aimed to isolate cellulose from mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) peel waste, modify it using a choline chloride–urea-based DES, and evaluate its potential as a heat-sealable film. Cellulose was isolated through a combination of chemical treatment and ultrasonication, followed by film preparation using the solution casting method. The modification was carried out using DES with DES:H₂O ratios of 0.02:1, 0.04:1, and 0.06:1. The resulting films were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and tensile testing. The films were further evaluated through heat-sealability, water absorption, contact angle, biodegradability, UV photodegradation, and organoleptic tests. The results showed that cellulose was successfully isolated from mangosteen peel with a yield of 39.79%. FTIR analysis indicated the reduction of lignin and hemicellulose and the interaction between DES and the hydroxyl groups of cellulose. XRD analysis showed that the crystallinity increased from 39.26% to 54.34% after cellulose isolation and subsequently decreased after DES modification. The film prepared with a DES:H₂O ratio of 0.04:1 exhibited the best characteristics, with a tensile strength of 53.92 MPa, an elongation of 9.32%, good heat-sealability, biodegradability, resistance to UV exposure for 25 days, and the ability to maintain the quality of grapes during storage. Cellulose derived from mangosteen peel waste and modified using a choline chloride–urea-based DES has the potential to be developed as an environmentally friendly heat-sealable film for food packaging applications. Keywords: mangosteen peel, cellulose, Deep Eutectic Solvent, heat-sealable film, environmentally friendly food packaging.