Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Peningkatan kebutuhan akan media filtrasi yang efektif, ekonomis, dan ramah lingkungan mendorong pemanfaatan limbah pertanian sebagai bahan baku pembuatan keramik berpori. salah satu material yang berpotensi digunakan adalah arang sekam padi karena memiliki struktur berpori, luas permukaan tinggi, dan kandungan karbon serta silika yang mendukung proses filtrasi dan adsorpsi. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi komposisi arang sekam padi terhadap sifat fisis, mengetahui pengaruh variasi komposisi arang sekam padi terhadap kinerja filter serta menentukan komposisi optimum sebagai media filter air dan limbah. media keramik berpori dibuat dengan variasi komposisi arang sekam padi sebesar 15, 25, 35, 45, dan 55% berat. karakterisasi dilakukan melalui pengujian densitas dan porositas, sedangkan kinerja filter dievaluasi berdasarkan kemampuan media dalam menurunkan total dissolved solids, konduktivitas listrik, dan turbiditas pada air sumur, air gambut, dan limbah emas. hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan komposisi arang sekam menurunkan densitas media dari 1,27g/cm³ menjadi 0,63g/cm³ dan meningkatkan porositas dari 37,56% menjadi 72,23%. peningkatan porositas diikuti oleh peningkatan kinerja filter. efisiensi penyisihan total dissolved solids tertinggi pada komposisi 55% berat mencapai 46,59% untuk air sumur, 74,69% untuk air gambut, dan 49,77% untuk limbah emas. nilai konduktivitas listrik juga mengalami penurunan hingga mencapai 280 µs/cm, 129 µs/cm, dan 444 µs/cm pada masing-masing sampel air. selain itu, seluruh variasi komposisi mampu menurunkan turbiditas hingga 0 ntu. berdasarkan hasil tersebut, komposisi arang sekam padi sebesar 55% berat merupakan komposisi maksimum dalam rentang penelitian karena menghasilkan porositas tertinggi, densitas terendah, serta kinerja filter terbaik. hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keramik berpori berbasis arang sekam padi berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai media filtrasi air dan limbah yang ekonomis, berkelanjutan, dan ramah lingkungan. kata kunci: arang sekam padi, keramik berpori, porositas, filtrasi, tds, konduktivitas listrik, turbiditas.

The growing demand for effective, economical, and environment friendy filtration media has driven the use of agricultural waste as a raw material for producing porous ceramics. Rice husk charcoal is a promising material due to its porous structure, high surface area, and carbon and silica content, which facilitate filtration and adsorption processes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of varying rice husk charcoal compositions on physical properties and filtration performance, as well as to determine the optimal composition for water and wastewater filtration media. Porous ceramic media were fabricated with rice husk charcoal compositions of 15%, 25%, 35%, 45%, and 55% by weight. Characterization involved density and porosity testing, while filtration performance was evaluated based on the media's ability to reduce total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity, and turbidity in well water, peat water, and gold mining wastewater. The results showed that increasing the rice husk charcoal content reduced the media density from 1,27g/cm³ to 0,63g/cm³ and increased porosity from 37,56% to 72,23%. The increase in porosity was accompanied by improved filtration performance. The highest TDS removal efficiency, achieved at the 55 wt% composition, was 46,59% for well water, 74,69% for peat water, and 49,77% for gold mining wastewater. Electrical conductivity values also decreased, reaching 280 µS/cm, 129 µS/cm, and 444 µS/cm for the respective water samples. Furthermore, all composition variations were capable of reducing turbidity to 0 NTU. Based on these findings, the 55 wt% rice husk charcoal composition was determined to be the maksimum within the study range, as it yielded the highest porosity, lowest density, and best filtration performance. The results of this study indicate that porous ceramics based on rice husk charcoal have the potential to be developed as an economical, sustainable, and environmentally friendly filtration medium for water and wastewater. Keywords: rice husk charcoal, porous ceramics, porosity, filtration, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, turbidity.