Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Kawasan manifestasi geotermal gunung kembar di kabupaten gayo lues, aceh, dikaji secara terpadu untuk menautkan tiga dimensi yang selama ini ditelaah secara terpisah, yaitu potensi energi, risiko logam berat, dan nilai sumber daya hayati. penelitian ini menggabungkan karakterisasi reservoir melalui hidrogeokimia, geotermometri, dan isotop stabil; validasi metode sekaligus pengukuran logam berat pada matriks air, tanah, dan tumbuhan menggunakan flame atomic absorption spectrometry (faas); pemrofilan fitokimia 26 ekstrak daun melalui gc-ms; penapisan in silico dengan lipinski rule of five, molecular docking, protox-iii, dan pkcsm; serta uji antimikroba in vitro. lima manifestasi (gk1–gk5) membentuk satu deret evolusi fluida, dari air bikarbonat periferal di gk1 dan gk2 menuju fluida upflow kaya klorida yang lebih matang di gk3 hingga gk5. geotermometer kation mengindikasikan suhu reservoir 229–338 °c sehingga gunung kembar tergolong prospek bersuhu reservoir tinggi, sedangkan komposisi isotop stabil menegaskan asal fluida yang dominan meteorik. metode faas yang tervalidasi (r² > 0,99; recovery 99–100%; rsd < 2%) menunjukkan bahwa timbal (pb) melampaui baku mutu air minum pada seluruh titik dan kadmium (cd) pada sebagian besar titik, dengan konsentrasi tertinggi di gk5. pengayaan pb bersifat sistemik lintas matriks: tanah berperan sebagai reservoir dominan, dan melastoma malabathricum (l.) yang bersifat ekskluder (bcf 0,0016–0,0085) tetap mengandung pb sebesar 0,317–0,393 mg/kg, di atas ambang peraturan bpom untuk tumbuhan obat. analisis gc-ms mengidentifikasi lebih dari 1.000 komponen dalam enam superkelas kimia, dengan amina tersier alifatik sebagai penanda adaptasi geotermal lintas takson. penapisan in silico terhadap 121 senyawa menetapkan sepuluh kandidat prioritas yang didominasi sterol dan triterpenoid; lupeol dan β-sitosterol menunjukkan afinitas penambatan (docking) terhadap protease sars-cov-2 yang setara atau melampaui paxlovid. pada uji antimikroba, stigmast-5-en-3-ol memiliki afinitas penambatan terkuat, sementara ekstrak piper aduncum dan macaranga javanica menunjukkan aktivitas antijamur sedang terhadap candida albicans dengan aktivitas antibakteri yang lemah. secara keseluruhan, potensi energi, risiko lingkungan, dan nilai farmakologis gunung kembar bersumber dari satu sistem hidrotermal yang sama sehingga harus dinilai secara terpadu, sekaligus menjadi model kajian yang dapat direplikasi untuk kawasan frontier di sepanjang sesar besar sumatera. luaran penelitian ini berupa lima artikel ilmiah, yang mencakup tiga artikel pada jurnal internasional bereputasi terindeks scopus dan dua artikel pada jurnal internasional.

The Twin Mountains geothermal manifestation area in Gayo Lues Regency, Aceh, was studied in an integrated manner to link three dimensions that have been studied separately, namely energy potential, heavy metal risk, and biological resource value. This study combines reservoir characterization through hydrogeochemistry, geothermometry, and stable isotopes; method validation and measurement of heavy metals in air, soil, and plant matrices using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS); phytochemical profiling of 26 leaf extracts using GC-MS; in silico screening using Lipinski Rule of Five, molecular docking, ProTox-III, and pkCSM; and in vitro antimicrobial testing. The five manifestations (GK1–GK5) form a series of fluid evolution, from peripheral air bicarbonate in GK1 and GK2 to more mature chloride-rich upflow fluids in GK3 to GK5. Cation geothermometers indicate reservoir temperatures of 229–338 °C, categorizing Gunung Kembar as a high-temperature reservoir prospect, while stable isotope compositions confirm a predominantly meteoric origin. A validated FAAS method (R² > 0.99; recovery 99–100%; RSD < 2%) indicates that lead (Pb) exceeds drinking water quality standards at all sites and cadmium (Cd) at most sites, with the highest concentration at GK5. Pb enrichment is systemic across matrices: soil acts as the dominant reservoir, and the excluding Melastoma malabatricum (L.) (BCF 0.0016–0.0085) still contains Pb at 0.317–0.393 mg/kg, above the BPOM Regulation threshold for medicinal plants. GC-MS analysis identified over 1,000 components in six chemical superclasses, with aliphatic tertiary amines as a marker of geothermal adaptation across taxa. In silico screening of 121 compounds identified ten priority candidates dominated by sterols and triterpenoids; Lupeol and β-sitosterol showed docking affinity to SARS-CoV-2 protease equivalent to or exceeding Paxlovid. In the antimicrobial test, Stigmast-5-en-3-ol had the strongest docking affinity, while Piper aduncum and Macaranga javanica extracts showed moderate antifungal activity against Candida albicans with weak antibacterial activity. Overall, the energy potential, environmental risks, and pharmacological value of the Twin Mountains originate from the same hydrothermal system and therefore must be measured in an integrated manner, while also serving as a replicable study model for frontier areas throughout the Great Sumatran Fault. The output of this research is five scientific articles, including three articles in reputable international journals indexed by Scopus and two articles in international journals.