Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Pemanfaatan material alternatif pada bata beton merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi penggunaan agregat dan mendukung pengembangan material konstruksi yang lebih ramah lingkungan. salah satu material yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan adalah daun bakdah (typha angustifolia), yaitu tanaman rawa yang tumbuh melimpah dan selama ini banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan kerajinan anyaman perlengkapan rumah tangga karena memiliki ketahanan yang baik. namun, pemanfaatannya sebagai material konstruksi bata masih terbatas. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan daun bakdah sebagai substitusi agregat halus terhadap kuat tekan bata beton. penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan bata berukuran 5 x 10 x 20 cm dengan variasi substitusi daun bakdah sebesar 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, dan 70% berdasarkan volume agregat halus. pengujian kuat tekan dilakukan pada umur 14, 21, dan 28 hari, sedangkan pengujian berat jenis dan absorpsi dilakukan pada umur 28 hari sebagai parameter pendukung. hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi persentase substitusi daun bakdah, semakin rendah kuat tekan dan berat jenis bata beton, sedangkan nilai absorpsinya semakin meningkat. variasi substitusi 10% menghasilkan kuat tekan rata-rata tertinggi sebesar 29,75 kg/cm² pada umur 28 hari dan memenuhi persyaratan kuat tekan minimum bata beton pejal mutu kelas iv nonstruktural berdasarkan sni 0349 (1989), sedangkan variasi substitusi 60% menghasilkan kuat tekan terendah sebesar 3,19 kg/cm². berdasarkan bobot isi menurut sni 8640 (2018), variasi substitusi 30% hingga 60% memenuhi karakteristik bata ringan nonstruktural kelas iib. dengan demikian, daun bakdah berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai substitusi parsial agregat halus pada bata beton dengan tetap memperhatikan persyaratan mutu sesuai standar yang berlaku di indonesia.

The use of alternative materials in concrete bricks is one approach to reducing the consumption of natural aggregates while promoting the development of more sustainable construction materials. One potential material is the leaves of Typha angustifolia, locally known as bakdah, a wetland plant that grows abundantly and has long been utilized as a raw material for woven household handicrafts due to its good durability. However, its application as a constituent material in concrete bricks remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the effect of using bakdah (Typha angustifolia) leaves as a partial replacement for fine aggregate on the compressive strength of concrete bricks. An experimental method was employed using concrete bricks with dimensions of 5 x 10 x 20 cm and bakdah leaf substitution levels of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70% by fine aggregate volume. Compressive strength tests were conducted at curing ages of 14, 21, and 28 days, while density and water absorption tests were performed at 28 days as supporting parameters. The results indicated that increasing the percentage of bakdah leaf substitution reduced both the compressive strength and density of the concrete bricks, while increasing their water absorption. The 10% substitution level produced the highest average compressive strength of 29.75 kg/cm² at 28 days, satisfying the minimum compressive strength requirement for Class IV non-structural solid concrete bricks specified in SNI 0349 (1989). In contrast, the 60% substitution level exhibited the lowest compressive strength of 3.19 kg/cm². Based on the density classification in SNI 8640 (2018), substitution levels ranging from 30% to 60% met the criteria for Class IIB non-structural lightweight concrete bricks. These findings suggest that bakdah (Typha angustifolia) leaves have potential as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete bricks, provided that the resulting products comply with the quality requirements specified in the applicable Indonesian standards.