Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penelantaran terhadap anak merupakan suatu tindak pidana yang telah diatur dalam pasal 76b undang-undang nomor 35 tahun 2014 tentang perlindungan anak. pada perkara penelantaran anak, maka proses penyidikan dilakukan sesuai dengan kewenangan yang diberikan pada pasal 7 undang-undang nomor 8 tahun 1981 tentang hukum acara pidana, selain itu penyidikan terhadap anak sebagai korban harus memperhatikan undang-undang nomor 11 tahun 2012 tentang sistem peradilan pidana anak. pada proses penyidikan kasus tindak pidana penelantaran anak belum berjalan secara optimal, masih terdapat masalah yang dihadapi oleh penyidik dalam menangani kasus penelantaran anak dan diperlukan upaya lebih lanjut untuk mengoptimalkan pelaksanaan penyidikan tersebut. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pelaksanaan penyidikan tindak pidana penelantaran terhadap anak, hambatan dalam pelaksanaan penyidikannya, serta upaya optimalisasi pelaksanaan penyidikan dalam tindak pindana penelantaran terhadap anak. penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris. penelitian lapangan dilakukan dengan mewawancarai responden dan informan. penelitian kepustakaan dilakukan dengan mempelajari buku, teori, dan peraturan perundang-undangan. pelaksanaan penyidikan tindak pidana penelantaran anak masih menghadapi berbagai permasalahan yang menyebabkan penanganan kasus tidak selalu berjalan efektif dan efisien. meskipun mekanisme penyidikan tindak pidana penelantaran anak telah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan pasal 1 butir (1) undang-undang nomor 8 tahun 1981 hukum acara pidana dan undang-undang nomor 35 tahun 2014 tentang perlindungan anak melalui tahapan terstruktur mulai dari penerimaan laporan, identifikasi, pengumpulan alat bukti, asesmen psikologis hingga reintegrasi sosial dengan mengedepankan prinsip kepentingan terbaik anak. namun pelaksanaan penyidikan terhambat oleh sulitnya mengidentifikasi dan menerima laporan kasus penelantaran anak serta kompleksitas pembuktian unsur kesengajaan, sulitnya reintegrasi sosial, serta budaya patriarki yang memandang anak sebagai milik orang tua. diperlukan upaya optimalisasi melalui pengembangan sistem deteksi dini, penguatan pendekatan preventif, program reintegrasi sistematis, kampanye anti-stigma, dan penguatan perlindungan anak berbasis masyarakat dengan gerakan sosial zero tolerance. disarankan untuk memperkuat koordinasi, mengembangkan sistem deteksi dini dan mengintensifkan sosialisasi bahwa penelantaran anak adalah tindak pidana serta melakukan kampanye anti stigma. disarankan mengembangkan protokol reintegrasi sistematis, dan membangun perlindungan anak melalui sosialisasi kepada masyarakat. disarankan melaporkan kasus penelantaran, tidak menganggap sebagai masalah domestik, dan terlibat dalam gerakan sosial anti penelantaran anak.

Child neglect constitutes a criminal offense as stipulated under Article 76B of Law Number 35 of 2014 on Child Protection. In cases involving child neglect, the investigation process is conducted in accordance with the authority granted under Article 7 of Law Number 8 of 1981 on the Criminal Procedure Code. Furthermore, investigations involving children as victims must also comply with the provisions of Law Number 11 of 2012 on the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. In practice, however, the investigation of child neglect cases has not yet been carried out optimally. Investigators continue to encounter various challenges in handling such cases, necessitating further measures to enhance the effectiveness of the investigative process. This study aims to examine the implementation of criminal investigations into child neglect offenses, identify the obstacles encountered during the investigative process, and analyze efforts to optimize the investigation of child neglect cases. This research employs an empirical juridical (socio-legal) research method. Field research was conducted through interviews with respondents and informants, while library research involved the examination of legal literature, academic theories, and applicable laws and regulations. The investigation of child neglect offenses continues to face various challenges that prevent case handling from being consistently effective and efficient. Although investigative procedures have generally been conducted in accordance with Article 1(1) of Law Number 8 of 1981 on the Criminal Procedure Code and Law Number 35 of 2014 on Child Protection, following a structured process beginning with the receipt of reports, identification of the case, collection of evidence, psychological assessment, and social reintegration while prioritizing the best interests of the child, the implementation of such investigations remains constrained by several factors. These include the difficulty of identifying and receiving reports of child neglect, the complexity of proving the element of intent, challenges in achieving successful social reintegration, and entrenched patriarchal cultural norms that regard children as the property of their parents. To address these issues, optimization measures are required, including the development of an early detection system, the strengthening of preventive approaches, the establishment of systematic reintegration programs, the implementation of anti-stigma campaigns, and the reinforcement of community-based child protection through a zero-tolerance social movement against child neglect. It is recommended that coordination among relevant institutions be strengthened, an early detection system be developed, and public awareness campaigns be intensified to emphasize that child neglect constitutes a criminal offense, accompanied by comprehensive anti-stigma initiatives. It is further recommended that systematic social reintegration protocols be established and that community-based child protection mechanisms be strengthened through continuous public education. Finally, members of the public should be encouraged to report incidents of child neglect, refrain from treating such cases as merely domestic matters, and actively participate in social movements promoting zero tolerance toward child neglect.