Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Demam berdarah dengue (dbd) merupakan masalah kesehatan penting di indonesia, yang ditularkan oleh nyamuk aedes aegypti. salah satu upaya pencegahan dbd adalah dengan menghindari gigitan nyamuk dengan menggunakan repellent. pemanfaatan bahan alami, khususnya limbah pertanian, berpotensi menjadi alternatif repellent yang lebih aman dan ramah lingkungan. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan fitokimia ekstrak etanol ampas penyulingan minyak pala (myristica fragrans), mengevaluasi kualitas sediaan lotion, serta menguji efektivitas dan keamanan lotion sebagai repellent terhadap nyamuk aedes aegypti. ampas penyulingan minyak pala diekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol dan diformulasikan menjadi sediaan lotion dengan variasi konsentrasi 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, dan 25%. analisis fitokimia menunjukkan keberadaan senyawa alkaloid, terpenoid, saponin, flavonoid, steroid, dan fenolik. uji efektivitas repellent dilakukan dengan metode arm-in-cage menggunakan kontrol positif lotion komersial yang mengandung deet 13% (p+) dan kontrol negatif tanpa ekstrak. hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kontrol positif memberikan daya proteksi tinggi pada awal pengamatan, namun tidak mampu mempertahankan efektivitas hingga durasi perlindungan yang umumnya diklaim di pasaran. lotion dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 10% menunjukkan daya proteksi paling stabil dan efektif hingga enam jam dibandingkan konsentrasi lainnya. dengan demikian, ampas penyulingan minyak pala berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan aktif repellent alami. uji kualitas lotion meliputi organoleptik, homogenitas, daya sebar, daya lekat, ph, dan iritasi kulit. hasil ph sediaan lotion berada pada kisaran 8-8,5, dan tidak menimbulkan iritasi pada kulit. penelitian ini membuka peluang pemanfaatan limbah industri pala sebagai produk anti-nyamuk yang aman, dan ramah lingkungan. kata kunci: ampas pala, myristica fragrans, lotion, repellent, aedes aegypti

Dengue Fever (DF) is a significant health problem in Indonesia, transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. One of the preventive measures against DF is avoiding mosquito bites by using repellents. The utilization of natural materials, particularly agricultural waste, has the potential to be a safer and more environmentally friendly repellent alternative. This study aimed to identify the phytochemical constituents of ethanol extract from the residue of nutmeg oil distillation (Myristica fragrans), evaluate the quality of lotion formulations, and test the effectiveness and safety of the lotion as a repellent against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Nutmeg oil distillation residue was extracted using the maceration method with ethanol as the solvent and formulated into lotion with concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, and phenolics. Repellent effectiveness testing was conducted using the arm-in-cage method with a positive control of commercial lotion containing 13% DEET (P+) and a negative control without extract. The results showed that the positive control provided high initial protection but could not maintain effectiveness for the duration typically claimed on the market. Lotion with 10% extract concentration demonstrated the most stable and effective protection for up to six hours compared to other concentrations. Thus, nutmeg oil distillation residue has the potential to be used as an active ingredient in natural repellents. Lotion quality tests included organoleptic properties, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, pH, and skin irritation. The pH of the lotion formulation was in the range of 8–8.5 and did not cause skin irritation. This study highlights the potential of utilizing nutmeg industry waste as a safe and environmentally friendly mosquito repellent product. Keywords: nutmeg residue, Myristica fragrans, lotion, repellent, Aedes aegypti