Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Pemenjaraan terhadap pelaku illegal fishing di zona ekonomi eksklusif indonesia (zeei) memerlukan perjanjian bilateral antar negara sebagai konsekuensi dari peratifikasian united nations convention on the law of the sea (unclos) 1982. pasal 102 undang-undang no. 45 tahun 2009 yang mengubah undang-undang no. 31 tahun 2004 tentang perikanan mengatur hal yang sama. namun pada kenyataannya dalam putusan no. 24/pid.sus-prk/2021/pn.tpg hakim menjatuhkan pidana kurungan pengganti denda terhadap pelaku asing di wilayah zee indonesia. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam penjatuhan pidana pengganti denda tindak pidana illegal fishing oleh pelaku asing di zee indonesia serta menilai kesesuaian pidana kurungan pengganti denda pada putusan perkara no. 24/pid.sus-prk/2021/pn.tpg. untuk menjelaskan permasalahan di atas, skripsi ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum dengan bahan hukum primer berupa peraturan perundang undangan dan putusan, bahan hukum sekunder berupa buku dan penelitian terkait artikel serta bahan hukum tersier seperti kamus hukum dan ensiklopedia hukum yang dikumpulkan melalui studi pustaka. hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertimbangan hakim dalam penjatuhan hukuman kurungan pengganti denda pada putusan no. 24/pid.sus prk/2021/pn.tpg didasarkan pada pasal 30 kuhp tanpa memperhatikan pasal 102 uu perikanan yang merupakan lex specialis terhadap kuhp. akibatnya pidana kurungan pengganti denda pada putusan tersebut tidak sejalan dengan pasal 102 uu perikanan yang merupakan ratifikasi dari pasal 73 ayat (3) unclos 1982. pasal tersebut menegaskan adanya larangan penjatuhan kurungan dalam tindak pidana illegal fishing oleh pelaku asing di zee indonesia. disarankan kepada hakim untuk tetap mengacu kepada undang-undang yang lebih khusus sebelum dilakukannya perubahan. namun penelitian ini juga merekomendasikan kepada lembaga legislatif dan eksekutif untuk merubah pasal 102 uu perikanan yang pada pokoknya membolehkan pidana kurungan pengganti denda sebagai solusi jika pidana denda tidak mungkin dilaksanakan atau setidak tidaknya mengadakan perjanjian bilateral terhadap negara-negara yang berpotensi melakukan illegal fishing di wilayah zee indonesia.

The imprisonment of perpetrators of illegal fishing in Indonesia's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) requires bilateral agreements between countries as a consequence of the ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982. Article 102 of Law No. 45 of 2009, which amends Law No. 31 of 2004 on Fisheries, regulates the same matter. However, in practice, in Decision No. 24/Pid.Sus-PRK/2021/PN.Tpg, the judge imposed an alternative imprisonment sentence in lieu of a fine on a foreign perpetrator within Indonesia's EEZ. This study aims to explain the basis of the judge's consideration in imposing imprisonment in lieu of a fine for the crime of illegal fishing committed by a foreign national in Indonesia's EEZ, as well as to assess the appropriateness of such a sentence as stated in Decision No. 24/Pid.Sus-PRK/2021/PN.Tpg. To address the issues above, this thesis employs legal research methods using primary legal materials such as laws and court decisions, secondary legal materials such as books and relevant research articles, and tertiary legal materials such as legal dictionaries and legal encyclopedias, all gathered through literature study. The research findings indicate that the judge's consideration in imposing imprisonment in lieu of a fine in Decision No. 24/Pid.Sus-PRK/2021/PN.Tpg was based on Article 30 of the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP), without regard to Article 102 of the Fisheries Law, which serves as lex specialis to the Criminal Code. As a result, the imposition of imprisonment in lieu of a fine in the decision does not align with Article 102 of the Fisheries Law, which is a ratification of Article 73(3) of UNCLOS 1982. That article explicitly prohibits the imposition of imprisonment for illegal fishing offenses committed by foreign nationals in Indonesia’s EEZ. It is recommended that judges continue to refer to more specific laws before any amendments are made. However, this study also recommends that legislative and executive bodies amend Article 102 of the Fisheries Law to allow imprisonment in lieu of a fine as a solution when fines cannot be enforced, or at least establish bilateral agreements with countries that have the potential to commit illegal fishing within Indonesia's EEZ.