Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Varietas sigupai abdya merupakan padi yang berasal dari aceh bagian barat selatan. varietas ini memiliki beberapa ciri khas yaitu beraroma pandan serta memiliki tekstur nasi pulen dan disukai masyarakat aceh. namun, varietas ini memiliki beberapa kekurangan diantaranya umur panen yang lama yaitu berkisar lima sampai enam bulan dan tinggi tanaman yang mencapai 150 cm yang menyebabkan mudah rebah. disisi lain galur irbb27 yang berasal dari international rice research institute (irri) filipina, memiliki ciri seperti tinggi tanaman yang rendah karena memiliki umur panen yang genjah dan memiliki gen semi dwarf (sd-1). penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk meningkatkan kualitas padi varietas sigupai abdya dengan menggabungkan kelebihan dari varietas sigupai abdya dan galur irbb27 dengan serangkaian proses pemuliaan serta analisis keragaman terhadap penampilan agronomi dan analisis keberadaan gen semi dwarf. tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis penampilan agronomi dan mengidentifikasi keberadaan gen semi dwarf pada tanaman padi bc2f2 turunan sigupai dan irbb27. penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan (5°34''01.6"lu- 95°22''24.4"bt) dengan ketinggian 7 mdpl, laboratorium pemuliaan tanaman, fakultas pertanian, universitas syiah kuala dan laboratorium biologi molekuler, departemen biologi, fakultas matematika dan ilmu pengetahuan alam, universitas syiah kuala, darussalam banda aceh, aceh, yang dimulai pada desember 2023 hingga juni 2024. benih yang ditanam adalah benih tetua sigupai abdya, tetua irbb27, dan benih bc2f2 yang terdiri dari 5 genotipe yaitu bc2f2 t11 8, bc2f2 t25 1, bc2f2 t25 5 dan bc2f2 t50 5. pengamatan penampilan agronomi yang diamati yaitu umur berbunga, umur panen, tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan produktif, panjang malai, berat gabah berisi perumpun dan estimasi produksi per hektar. hasil pengamatan kemudian akan digolongkan sesuai kriteria agronomi padi standart evaluasi system for rice. analisis molekuler dilakukan pada setiap tanaman untuk melihat keberadaan gen semi dwarf. hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat 3 tanaman yang direkomendasikan untuk ditanam selanjutnya yaitu genotipe t25.1 (tanaman no. 1 dan 2) dan genotipe t11.8 (tanaman no. 1) dengan umur panen secara berurut adalah 116, 116 dan 129 hst serta tinggi tanaman secara berurut 154, 139 dan 124 cm. walaupun tergolong sedang-tinggi, hasil analisis molekuler menunjukkan ketiga tanaman mewarisi gen semi dwarf .

Sigupai Abdya variety is a rice originating from South West Aceh. This variety has several characteristics, such as pandanus aroma and fluffy rice texture that is favored by the people of Aceh. However, this variety has several shortcomings including a long harvest age of around five to six months and a plant height of up to 150 cm which causes easy lodging. On the other hand, the IRBB27 line, which originated from the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) Philippines, has characteristics such as low plant height because it has an early harvest age and has the Semi Dwarf (sd-1) gene. This research is intended to improve the quality of Sigupai Abdya rice variety by combining the advantages of Sigupai Abdya and IRBB27 strains with a series of breeding processes and diversity analysis of agronomic appearance and analysis of the presence of the Semi Dwarf gene. The purpose of this study was to analyze the agronomic appearance and identify the presence of Semi Dwarf genes in BC2F2 rice plants derived from Sigupai and IRBB27. This research was conducted at the Experimental Garden (5°34''01.6 “LU- 95°22‘’24.4 ”BT) at 7 meters above sea level, Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam Banda Aceh, Aceh, which began in December 2023 until June 2024. The seeds planted were Sigupai Abdya parents, IRBB27 parents, and BC2F2 seeds consisting of 5 genotypes namely BC2F2 T11 8, BC2F2 T25 1, BC2F2 T25 5 and BC2F2 T50 5. Observations of agronomic appearance observed were flowering time, harvest time, plant height, number of productive tillers, panicle length, weight of filled grain per clump and estimated production per hectare. The observation results will then be classified according to the agronomic criteria of the Standard Evaluation System for Rice. Molecular analysis was conducted on each plant to see the presence of the Semi Dwarf gene. The results showed that there were 3 plants that were recommended for further planting, namely genotype T25.1 (plant no. 1 and 2) and genotype T11.8 (plant no. 1) with the harvest age respectively 116, 116 and 129 DAP and plant height respectively 154, 139 and 124 cm. Although classified as medium-high, the results of molecular analysis showed that the three plants inherited the Semi Dwarf gene.