Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Pendahuluan: nyeri merupakan salah satu efek yang ditimbulkan setelah prosedur pembedahan yang paling lazim terjadi dan seringkali menjadi permasalahan klinis. nyeri dapat meningkatkan morbiditas pasien pasca pembedahan jika tidak ditangani secara adekuat. pemberian pre-emptive ketamin merupakan salah satu modalitas untuk mengurangi kualitas nyeri pasca bedah. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai pengeruh pemberian pre-emptive ketamin dalam mengurangi intensitas nyeri paska prosedur modified radical mastectomy (mrm). metode: penelitian ini termasuk studi intervensional dengan desain paralel randomized control trial. randomisasi blok dua kelompok dan pemberian ketamin sebagai agen pre-emptive dilakukan dengan ketersamaran ganda (double blind). evaluasi intensitas nyeri dilakukan menggunakan numeric rating scale (nrs) selama 24 jam post-operatif. analisis mann – whitney u test digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. hasil: jumlah subjek pada kelompok pre-emptive ketamin (kelompok k) dan kelompok plasebo (kelompok p) adalah sebanyak 26 orang. kelompok k menunjukkan rerata intensitas nyeri 0 (0 – 3), sedangkan kelompok p menunjukkan intensitas nyeri 3 (0 – 8) selama evaluasi 24 jam post-operatif (p < 0,001). kesimpulan: pemberian pre-emptive ketamin efektif mengurangi intensitas nyeri hingga 24 jam pasca prosedur mrm. evaluasi nyeri perlu dilakukan secara berkala selama fase recovery paska prosedur pembedahan untuk deteksi dini dan pencegahan terjadinya peningkatan intensitas nyeri. kata kunci: pre-emptive ketamin, modified radical mastectomy, intensitas nyeri

ABSTRACT Background : Pain is one of the most common after-effects of surgical procedures and is often a clinical problem. Pain can increase the morbidity of post-surgical patients if not treated adequately. Pre-emptive ketamine administration is one of the modalities to reduce the quality of post-surgical pain. This study aims to assess the effect of pre-emptive ketamine administration on reducing pain intensity after the Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM) procedure. Methodology: This study included an interventional study with a parallel randomized control trial design. Block randomization of two groups and administration of ketamine as a pre-emptive agent were done with double blind. Evaluation of pain intensity was performed using a numeric rating scale (NRS) for 24 hours post-operatively. Mann-Whitney U test analysis was used in this study with a 95% confidence level. Results: The number of subjects in the pre-emptive ketamine group (Group K) and placebo group (Group P) was 26. Group K showed a mean pain intensity of 0 (0–3), while group P showed a pain intensity of 3 (0–8) during the 24-hour post-operative evaluation (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Pre-emptive ketamine administration is effective in reducing pain intensity up to 24 hours after the MRM procedure. Pain evaluation needs to be done periodically during the recovery phase after surgical procedures for early detection and prevention of increased pain intensity. Keywords: pre-emptive ketamine, modified radical mastectomy, pain intensity.