Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penggunaan energi yang efisien dan berkelanjutan menjadi perhatian utama dalam industri energi saat ini. salah satu sumber energi yang potensial adalah bahan bakar padat limbah kelapa sawit. namun, pembakaran bahan bakar padat seringkali menghadapi tantangan efisiensi dan emisi gas buang yang tinggi. penggunaan biomassa merupakan co2-neutral jadi secara neraca massa tidak menambah co2 di alam sekitar. teknologi fluidized-bed combustor telah dianggap sebagai metode pembakaran yang dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pembakaran. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pembakaran melalui model perforated plate tungku bakar terfluidisasi. model perforated plate tungku bakar terfluidisasi diuji dengan bahan bakar cangkang kelapa sawit, pelepah kelapa sawit dan tandan kosong kelapa sawit. pengujian dilakukan untuk menyelidiki temperatur maksimum, efisiensi tungku bakar, efisiensi termal, perpindahan panas dan kehilangan panas. struktur perforated plate yang digunakan pada tungku bakar terfluidisasi untuk mendukung pergerakan partikel padat bahan bakar dan memungkinkan aliran udara pembakaran. studi eksperimental dilakukan untuk menyelidiki pengaruh variasi perforated plate, dan distribusi lubang pada perforated plate terhadap efisiensi pembakaran, temperatur dan karakteristik aliran di dalam tungku. hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model perforated plate tungku bakar terfluidisasi dapat memberikan peningkatan yang signifikan terhadap efisiensi pembakaran. distribusi lubang yang diatur secara optimal dapat mengoptimalkan aliran udara dan pergerakan partikel padat bahan bakar, sehingga proses pembakaran secara keseluruhan terjadi peningkatan. hasil pengujian dengan bahan bakar cangkang kelapa sawit menghasilkan temperatur 975oc meningkat 116oc daripada pelat standar sebesar 859oc. efisiensi pembakaran meningkat 91.44% dengan model perforated plate berbanding pelat standar sebesar 76.22%. efisiensi pembakaran dari pengujian bahan bakar pelepah dan tandan kosong kelapa sawit masing-masing 73.48% dan 77.63%. model perforated plate tungku bakar terfluidisasi dapat meningkatkan efisiensi termal secara keseluruhan. efisiensi termal yang dicatat pada saat pengujian model perforated plate empat pengarah mencapai 84% berbanding pelat standar 71.71%. hasil perpindahan panas yang dicatat pada saat pengujian model perforated plate empat pengarah mencapai 7745.21 w/detik berbanding 2895.67 w/detik dari pelat standar. model perforated plate tungku bakar terfluidisasi secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pembakaran sehingga berkontribusi terhadap keberlanjutan energi misalnya; dapat mengurangi ketergantungan pada bahan bakar fosil yang berkontribusi pada emisi gas rumah kaca. hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan dasar untuk pengembangan teknologi lebih lanjut dalam penerapan sistem pembakaran berkelanjutan yang dapat digunakan pada skala industri. selain itu, penelitian ini juga dapat memberikan sumbangan penting dalam pengurangan emisi gas rumah kaca dan dampak negatif lainnya terhadap lingkungan, serta membuka potensi pemanfaatan bahan bakar padat kelapa sawit dalam mencapai ketahanan energi nasional dan global. selain itu, penggunaan bahan bakar padat kelapa sawit juga menunjukkan potensi sebagai sumber energi alternatif yang ramah lingkungan.

Efficient and sustainable use of energy is a significant concern in today's energy industry. One of the potential energy sources is solid fuel from palm oil waste. However, the combustion of solid fuels often faces challenges of efficiency and high exhaust emissions. Biomass is CO2-neutral, so from a mass balance point of view, it does not add to CO2 in the natural surroundings. Fluidized-bed combustor technology has been considered a combustion method that can increase combustion efficiency. This study aims to improve combustion efficiency through a perforated plate fluidized furnace model. The perforated plate model of the fluidized furnace was tested with oil palm shells, palm fronds and empty palm fruit bunches as fuel. Tests were conducted to investigate the maximum temperature, furnace efficiency, thermal efficiency, heat transfer and heat loss. The perforated plate structure used in the furnace is fluidized to support the movement of the solid fuel particles and allows the flow of combustion air. An experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of perforated plate variations and the distribution of holes in the perforated plate on combustion efficiency, temperature, and flow characteristics in the furnace. The results showed that the stove's fluidized perforated plate model can significantly increase combustion efficiency. Optimally arranged orifice distribution can optimize airflow and movement of solid fuel particles to increase the overall combustion process. The test results with palm shell fuel produced a temperature of 975oC, an increase of 116oC compared to the standard plate of 859oC. Combustion efficiency increased by 91.44% with the perforated plate model compared to the standard plate by 76.22%. Combustion efficiency from testing palm fronds and empty fruit bunches was 73.48% and 77.63%, respectively. The fluidized perforated plate model of the furnace can increase the overall thermal efficiency. The thermal efficiency recorded when testing the four-pointer perforated plate model reached 84% compared to the standard plate of 71.71%. The heat transfer results recorded when trying the four-director perforated plate model reached 7745.21 W/s compared to 2895.67 W/s from the stock plate. The fluidized perforated plate model can significantly increase combustion efficiency, thereby contributing to energy sustainability; for example, can reduce dependence on fossil fuels that contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. The results of this study can be used as a basis for further technological development in the application of sustainable combustion systems that can be used on an industrial scale. In addition, this research can also make an essential contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and other negative impacts on the environment, as well as unlocking the potential for using palm oil solid fuel in achieving national and global energy security. In addition, palm oil solid fuel also shows potential as an alternative energy source that is environmentally friendly.