Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Sintesis nanopartikel seng oksida (zno) menggunakan ekstrak etanol kulit buah alpukat dengan prekursor seng nitrat telah berhasil dilakukan. zno dimodifikasi dengan karbon aktif dari cangkang biji melinjo menggunakan metode hidrotermal dan komposit c/zno yang dihasilkan diuji aktivitasnya pada degradasi klorpirifos. senyawa kimia yang terdapat dalam ekstrak etanol kulit buah alpukat seperti flavonoid, alkaloid, terpenoid, saponin dan fenolik berfungsi sebagai agen pereduksi, stabilisator serta capping agent. karakterisasi material yang dihasilkan dilakukan menggunakan instrumen x-ray diffraction (xrd), scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (sem-eds), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy uv- vis (drs uv-vis) dan brunaeur emmet teller (bet). seng oksida yang diperoleh memiliki fasa kristal zincite dan karbon aktif yang dihasilkan memiliki fasa amorf. perbedaan jumlah karbon aktif yang ditambahkan pada seng oksida mengakibatkan perbedaan sifat fisik dan kimia komposit c/zno yang mempengaruhi aktivitas fotokatalitiknya. kondisi optimum operasional penghilangan klorpirifos menggunakan komposit c/zno diperoleh pada penggunaan fotokatalis 300 mg, konsentrasi awal klorpirifos 6 ppm dan waktu radiasi 4 jam. hasil uji aktivitas fotokatalitik pada penghilangan pestisida klorpirifos menunjukkan bahwa komposit 1% c/zno memiliki aktivitas yang paling tinggi dengan persen degradasi klorpirifos hingga 96,48% dibawah sinar uv dan 90,11% dibawah sinar matahari dengan waktu radiasi 4 jam. kata kunci : seng oksida, karbon aktif, cangkang biji melinjo, nanokomposit c/zno, pestisida klorpirifos dan fotokatalis.

Synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using avocado peel extract with zinc nitrate as precursors successfully carried out. ZnO was modified with activated carbon derived from melinjo seed shell using hydrothermal method and activated carbon/ZnO (C/ZnO) composites produced was evaluated on degradation of chlorpyrifos. Chemical compounds contained in the ethanol extract of avocado peels such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins and phenolics function as reducing agents, stabilizers and capping agents. The as-prepared materials were characterized by using the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) instrument, Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy UV-Vis (DRS UV-Vis) and Brunaeur Emmet Teller (BET) .The synthesized ZnO was in the Zincite crystal phase, while the activated carbon obtained was amorf phase. The difference in the amount of activated carbon added to the seng oksida resulted in differences in the physical and chemical properties of C/ZnO composites which affected their photocatalytic activities. The optimum condition operational of removal of chlorpyrifos using C/ZnO composite were obtained at 300 mg, the initial dye concentration was 6 ppm, and the irradiation time was 4 hours. The results of the photocatalytic activity test on the removal of chlorpyrifos pesticide that the 1% C/ZnO composite had the highest activity with the percent degradation of the chlorpyrifos pesticide up to 96.48% under UV light and 90.11% under the sun with an irradiation time of 4 hours. Keywords: zinc oxide, activated carbon, melinjo seed shells, C/ZnO composites, chlorpyrifos pesticide and photocatalyst.