Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Jagung manis (zea mays saccharata sturt.) merupakan komoditas hortikultura yang digemari masyarakat karena memiliki rasa manis, dengan kandungan gula yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jenis jagung lainnya. salah satu upaya peningkatan produktivitas jagung manis adalah dengan memperbaiki iklim mikro disamping perbaikan kualitas tanah dan budidaya tanaman. pengunaan mulsa organik dan pengaturan jarak tanam sebagai upaya perbaikan iklim mikro, kualitas tanah dan teknik budidaya yang dapat meningkatkan produksi jagung manis. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh mulsa organik dan jarak tanam terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis. penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan sektor timur dan laboratorium hortikultura fakultas pertanian universitas syiah kuala, sejak bulan november 2021 sampai febuari 2022. alat yang digunakan antara lain, cangkul, hand sprayer, meteran, jangka sorong, kamera digital, papan label, gembor, selang, timbangan digital, termometer tanah, termometer bola kering (tbk) dan termometer bola basah (tbb). bahan-bahan yang akan digunakan adalah benih jagung manis varietas bonanza, 1648 biji, mulsa organik jerami padi 9 kg plot-1 9 (10 ton -1) dan mulsa alang-alang 5,4 kg plot-1 (6 ton-1) pupuk urea 405 g plot-1(450 kg ha-1) pupuk sp-36 90 g plot-1 (100 kg ha-1) dan kcl 9 g plot-1 (100 kg ha-1) insektisida berbahan aktif delthametrin dan furadan. penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (rak) pola faktorial terdiri dari 3 faktor dan 3 ulangan faktor pertama adalah mulsa organik (m) yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu sebagai kontrol digunakan tanpa mulsa 1 (m0), jerami padi 2 (m2) dan alang-alang (m3 faktor kedua adalah jarak tanam (j) yang diberikan pada media tanam terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu 70 cm x 30 cm (j1), 70 cm x 40 cm (j2) dan 70 cm x 40 cm (j3). varietas jagung manis terdiri dari 1 taraf yaitu varietas bonanza. parameter yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman (cm), diameter batang (mm), jumlah daun (helai), berat tongkol berkelobot dan berat tongkol tanpa kelobot (g), berat tongkol berkelobot per plot netto (g), potensi hasil (ton ha-1), suhu udara (0c), kelembaban udara (%), suhu tanah (0c). hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh mulsa organik berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 60 hst, diameter batang umur 45 hst, berat tongkol berkelobot, berat tongkol tanpa kelobot dan potensi hasil. pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman terbaik dijumpai pada perlakuan jenis mulsa organik jerami padi. jarak tanam berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap berat tongkol perplot netto. pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman terbaik dijumpai pada perlakuan jarak tanam 70 cm x 50 cm. terdapat intraksi antara jenis mulsa organik dengan jarak tanam, kombinasi terbaik dijumpai pada perlakuan jenis mulsa alang-alang dan tanpa mulsa dengan jarak tanam 70 cm x 30 cm dan 70 cm x 40 cm.

sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) is a horticultural commodity that is popular with the public because it has a sweet taste, with a higher sugar content compared to other types of corn. One of the efforts to increase the productivity of sweet corn is to improve the microclimate in addition to improving soil quality and crop cultivation. The use of organic mulch and spacing as an effort to improve the microclimate, soil quality and cultivation techniques can increase sweet corn production. This study aims to determine the effect of organic mulch and spacing on the growth and yield of sweet corn. This research was carried out at the Eastern Sector experimental garden and the Horticulture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, from November 2021 to February 2022. The tools used included hoes, hand sprayers, tape measure, calipers, digital cameras, label boards, bells, hoses, digital scales, soil thermometers, dry bulb thermometers (TBK) and wet bulb thermometers (TBB). The materials to be used were sweet corn seeds of the Bonanza variety, 1648 seeds, organic mulch of rice straw 9 kg plot-19 (10 tons -1) and reed mulch 5.4 kg plot-1 (6 tons-1) urea fertilizer 405 g plot-1 (450 kg ha-1) SP-36 fertilizer 90 g plot-1 (100 kg ha-1) and KCl 9 g plot-1 (100 kg ha-1) insecticides with active ingredients Delthamethrin and Furadan . This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 3 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was organic mulch (M) which consisted of 3 levels, namely as a control used without mulch 1 (M0), rice straw 2 (M2) and sedge. -alang (M3) The second factor is the spacing (J) given to the planting medium which consists of 3 levels, namely 70 cm x 30 cm (J1), 70 cm x 40 cm (J2) and 70 cm x 40 cm (J3). sweet corn consisted of 1 level, namely the Bonanza variety.The parameters observed were plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), number of leaves (strands), weight of cob and cob weight without husk (g), weight of cob per net plot (g), yield potential (tons ha-1), air temperature (0C), air humidity (%), soil temperature (0C). The results showed that the effect of organic mulch had a significant effect on plant height at 60 DAP, stem diameter at 45 HST, cob weight with husks, cob weight without cobs and yield potential. The best plant growth and yields were found in the organic mulch type treatment of rice straw. Plant spacing has a very significant effect on net cob weight per plot. The best plant growth and yields were found in the treatment with a spacing of 70 cm x 50 cm. There was interaction between types of organic mulch and spacing, the best combination was found in the treatment of Imperata mulch and without mulch with spacing of 70 cm x 30 cm and 70 cm x 40 cm.