Electronic Theses and Dissertation

TEUKU SHADDIQ ROSA. Study on Calpain-1 (CAPN-1) Gene Diversity and Its Effect on the Meat Protein in Aceh Cattle with Different Hair Colors. Supervised by AL AZHAR and TEUKU REZA FERASYI.

Aceh cattle are one of the genetic resources of local beef cattle that play an important role in the meat production in Indonesia, but their population tends to decline and their genetic characteristics related to production such as meat quality have not been widely studied. One of the gene polymorphisms that is known to be closely related to the physical and chemical qualities of meat and has not been studied in Aceh cattle is calpain-1. This laboratory observational study aims to determine the diversity of the calpain-1 gene and its effect on the meat protein content in female aceh cattle with different hair colors. The samples used were sirloin and silverside meats, each 0,5 kg, of 29 aceh cattle with different hair colors (5 black, 5 gray-black, 6 olives, 6 white, and 7 brick red). The cattle were purposively selected from local cattle slaughtered at the Animal Slaughterhouse of Banda Aceh City. A total of 25 grams of each sample was used for examination of CAPN1 gene diversity at the Research Laboratory of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University through the stages of the DNA extraction using the Invitrogen genomic DNA extraction kit, DNA amplification using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and the SNP316 and the SNP530 primer sets, gene digestion using the Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) and using Btg1 (SNP316) and AvaII (SNP530) restriction enzymes. The results of DNA extraction, PCR, and RFLP were analyzed by agarose electrophoresis and visualized by Biorad Geldoc. The meat protein content was determined by using the Kjeldahl method according to SNI 01-2891-1992, point 7.1 at the center of AgroIndustry of Bogor. The frequency of CAPN1 alleles and genotypes was determined based on the DNA band profile after the RFLP, and their distribution according to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was analysed by Chi-square test. The effect of the CAPN1 genetic diversity or hair colors of aceh cattle were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. The results showed that three genotypes of CAPN1 SNP316 gene (CC, CG, GG) were found in aceh cattle with a distribution agreed with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (?2=0.95). Only one CAPN1 SNP530 genotype was found in Aceh cattle (GG) (?2=1.00). The highest protein content of sirloin and silverside were found in aceh cattle with the SNP316 CC (18.20 ± 0.00 and 20.00 ± 0.00 g%, respectively), but the values were not significantly different from those found in aceh cattle with SNP316 GG and GC or SNP530 GG genotypes. No significant differences in protein contents of sirloin and silverside meats were found among aceh cattle with brick red, black, grayish black, olive, or white hair colors. In conclusion, the CAPN1 SNP316 gene is polymorphic in aceh cattle, while the CAPN1 SNP530 gene is monomorphic. The diversity of CAPN1 and hair color did not influence the protein content of sirloin and silverside meats of female aceh cattle.

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