Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK

Konsentrasi massa ke jalan utama karena pemahaman bahwa hanya itulah satu-satunya jalur evakuasi menyebabkan kemacetan dan kecelakaan selama proses evakuasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendisain jalur evakuasi tsunami menggunakan metode bangunan pohon jaringan jalan sehingga dapat menghasilkan beberapa jalur evakuasi alternatif. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Meuraxa, Banda Aceh. Data karakteristik masyarakat diambil dari 377 orang responden. Peta jalan Kecamatan Meuraxa yang digunakan untuk analisis diambil dari Bappeda Kota Banda Aceh. Algoritma Dijkstra dikembangkan dengan menggunakan aplikasi Ms. Excel untuk menemukan rute evakuasi tsunami terpendek dari berbagai titik asal. Algoritma digunakan untuk menganalisis maksimal 40 simpul. Berdasarkan hasil penjajakan kuisioner, diketahui bahwa jumlah masyarakat yang tidak tahu tentang tsunami dan jalur evakuasi tsunami masih tinggi serta tingginya angka masyarakat rentan sehingga metode evakuasi yang strategis dirancang adalah metode evakuasi vertikal menuju Tsunami Evacuation Building (TEB). Berdasarkan jumlah TEB yang ada di wilayah ini, jaringan jalan dikelompokkan dalam 4 kluster yaitu kluster 1 menuju TEB1 di Desa Alue Deah Teungoh, kluster 2 menuju TEB2 di Desa Deah Geulumpang, kluster 3 menuju TEB3 di Desa Lambung dan kluster 4 menuju TEB4 di Gampong Pie. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa algoritma Dijkstra yang aplikasi menggunakan Ms. Excel sangat mudah digunakan, dan dapat menemukan rute evakuasi tsunami terpendek ke TEB secara cepat dari berbagai simpul asal. Hasil analisis digambarkan dalam bentuk pohon jaringan jalan. Jalur evakuasi alternatif yang dihasilkan dari pohon jaringan jalan digambarkan menjadi model peta evakuasi tsunami menggunakan Software GIS.
Keywords: Tsunami, Rute Evakuasi, dan Metode Bangunan Pohon

Abstract. The concentration of people to the main road due to the knowledge that it is the only evacuation route available had caused the hard traffic and even the accident during evacuation. The study aimed to design the tsunami evacuation route by using tree building method. This study was conducted in sub-district Meuraxa, Banda Aceh. The data about characteristics of people in this region were collected from 377 people. A Dijkstra Algorithm program for the maximum of 40 nodes was built under the Ms. Excel application to find the shortest tsunami evacuation route to the TEBs. The road map of sub-district Meuraxa used was the map published by Bappeda Aceh. According to the questionnaire, the number of people who has no knowledge about tsunami and its evacuation route was high, and the number of vulnerable people was also high, so that the vertical evacuation method to the tsunami evacuation buildings (TEBs) was proposed. The roads in the region were clustered in 4 tree buildings as there were 4 TEBs available i.e. cluster 1 directed to TEB1 in Alue Deah Teungoh village, cluster 2 directed to TEB2 in Deah Geulumpang village, cluster 3 directed to TEB3 in Lambung village, and cluster 4 directed to TEB4 in Gampong Pie village. The algorithm Dijkstra was easy to run and could find the shortest tsunami evacuation route quickly from any origin sites to the TEBs. Results of this analysis was drawn into a tree building. Finally, these alternative tsunami evacuation routes from the tree building were drawn into a model evacuation map by using software GIS.
Keywords: Tsunami, Evacuation Route, and Building Tree Method

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