Electronic Theses and Dissertation

SURVEI PREVALENSI INFEKSI VIRUS PENYAKIT MULUT DAN KUKU BERDASARKAN SPESIES SAPI
DI KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR


ABSTRAK


Penyebaran penyakit mulut dan kuku dikenal dengan berbagai nama diantaranya adalah apthae epizootica (AE), aphtous faver, hingga foot and mouth disease.Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku (PMK) merupakan jenis penyakit yang bersifat infeksius dan akut serta penularannya sangat tinggi pada hewan berkuku genap atau belah dengan penyebab utama penyakit PMK yaitu virus genus Apthovirus penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi prevalensi infeksi virus Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku (PMK) pada berbagai spesies sapi di Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Mengingat pentingnya sektor peternakan dalam menyediakan kebutuhan pangan dan protein hewani, serta dampak serius dari wabah PMK yang muncul sejak April 2022, penelitian ini berfokus pada perbedaan prevalensi infeksi berdasarkan spesies sapi yang ada. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei dengan pendekatan cross-sectional, melibatkan wawancara terstruktur dan pengumpulan data dari 9 Pusat Kesehatan Hewan (Puskeswan) di wilayah tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam prevalensi infeksi PMK antara spesies sapi, dengan spesies sapi Aceh, Bali, Peranakan Ongole, Angus, Brangus, Simental, dan Limosin memiliki prevalensi di atas 80%, sementara Brahman di bawah 70%. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perbedaan ini meliputi kepadatan populasi, suhu lingkungan, serta cara pemeliharaan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi yang bermanfaat bagi pengelolaan kesehatan hewan dan pencegahan wabah PMK di daerah peternakan, serta menjadi acuan untuk penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai variabel lain yang mempengaruhi prevalensi infeksi PMK.

Kata Kunci: Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku, prevalensi, spesies sapi, Aceh Besar, survei.

Survey of Prevalence of Foot and Mouth Disease Viral Infections Based on Cattle Species in Aceh Besar District ABSTRACT The spread of foot and mouth disease is known by various names including apthae epizootica (AE), aphthous faver, to foot and mouth disease. Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is a type of disease that is infectious and acute and its transmission is very high in animals with even or even hooves. The research aims to identify the prevalence of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) virus infection in various cattle species in Aceh Besar Regency. Considering the importance of the livestock sector in providing food and animal protein needs, as well as the serious impact of the FMD outbreak that has emerged since April 2022, this research focuses on differences in the prevalence of infection based on existing cattle species. The method used was a survey with a cross-sectional approach, involving structured interviews and data collection from 9 Animal Health Centers (Puskeswan) in the region. The results of the study showed that there were significant differences in the prevalence of FMD infection between cattle species, with the Acehnese, Balinese cattle species. , Ongole, Angus, Brangus, Simental, and Limosin crossbreeds have a prevalence above 80%, while Brahmans are below 70%. Factors that influence this difference include population density, environmental temperature, and maintenance methods. It is hoped that this research will provide useful information for managing animal health and preventing FMD outbreaks in livestock areas, as well as being a reference for further research on other variables that influence the prevalence of FMD infections. Keywords: Foot and Mouth Disease, prevalence, cattle species, Aceh Besar, survey.