Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK

Daun Tin secara empiris diketahui memiliki kemampuan melindungi lapisan kulit dari kerusakan akibat paparan sinar ultraviolet (UV). Sunscreen stick dipilih sebagai bentuk sediaan karena praktis, higienis dan mudah diaplikasikan tanpa kontak langsung dengan tangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan dan mengevaluasi sediaan sunscreen stick berbasis ekstrak etanol daun Tin (Ficus carica Linn.) Proses pengujian nilai SPF ekstrak etanol 70% daun Tin dilakukan dengan 4 variasi konsentrasi larutan yaitu 200, 400, 600 dan 800 ppm untuk mengukur efektivitas perlindungannya. Pengujian nilai SPF dilakukan secara in vitro menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Nilai SPF ekstrak etanol daun Tin terbaik berada pada konsentrasi 800 ppm dengan nilai 37,137 dan termasuk kategori proteksi ultra. Sunscreen stick diformulasikan dalam tiga variasi konsentrasi ekstrak daun tin, yaitu 0% (F0) sebagai kontrol, 0,4% (F1) dan 0,8% (F2). Nilai SPF sunscreen stick ekstrak etanol daun Tin dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 0,8% (F2) memiliki nilai tertinggi yaitu 37,116 yang termasuk kategori ultra. Evaluasi sediaan meliputi uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, daya oles, stabilitas, titik leleh, kekerasan dan uji iritasi. Secara organoleptik sediaan sunscreen stick F0 berwarna putih kekuningan, F1 berwarna hijau zaitun dan F2 berwarna hijau zaitun dengan bentuk tabung silinder dan aroma bunga pada ketiga formula. Ketiga formula homogen dan memenuhi syarat pH, daya oles, titik leleh, dan kekerasan. Hasil uji iritasi untuk ketiga formula tidak menunjukkan adanya tanda-tanda iritasi. Hasil uji stabilitas menunjukkan tidak adanya perubahan dilihat secara visual baik fisik, homogenitas dan pH. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan nilai SPF ekstrak etanol daun tin baik sebelum dan sesudah diformulasikan tidak memiliki nilai perbedaan yang jauh. Hasil pengujian nilai SPF sediaan menunjukkan terjadinya penurunan nilai SPF dengan selisih yang kecil dibandingkan dengan SPF ekstrak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian sediaan sunscreen stick ekstrak etanol daun tin layak diformulasikan karena memiliki aktivitas tabir surya yang dihasilkan dari nilai SPF yang memenuhi kategori dan semua syarat evaluasi.
Kata Kunci: daun tin, Ficus carica,ekstrak etanol, sunscreen stick, nilai SPF

ABSTRACT Fig leaves are empirically known to have the ability to protect the skin layer from damage due to exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays. Sunscreen stick was chosen as a dosage form because it is practical, hygienic and easy to apply without direct contact with hands. This study aims to formulate and evaluate the preparation of sunscreen stick based on ethanol extract of Fig leaves (Ficus carica Linn.) The process of the determination of SPF value of 70% ethanol extract of Fig leaves was carried out with 4 variations of solution concentrations 200, 400, 600 and 800 ppm to measure the effectiveness of its protection. SPF value testing was conducted in vitro using a UV- Vis spectrophotometer. The best SPF value of Fig leaf ethanol extract was at a concentration of 800 ppm with a value of 37.137 and included in the ultra protection category. Sunscreen stick was formulated in three variations of fig leaf extract concentration, 0% (F0) as control, 0.4% (F1) and 0.8% (F2). The SPF value of sunscreen stick ethanol extract of Fig leaf with 0.8% extract concentration (F2) has the highest value 37.116 which is included in the ultra category. Evaluation of the preparation includes organoleptic test, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, stability, melting point, hardness and irritation test. Organoleptically, the sunscreen stick preparation F0 is yellowish white, F1 is olive green and F2 is olive green with a tube shape and floral aroma in all three formulas. All three formulas are homogeneous and meet the requirements for pH, spreadability, melting point, and hardness. The irritation test results for the three formulas did not show any signs of irritation. The results of the stability test showed no change visually both physically, homogenity and pH. The test results showed the SPF value of fig leaf ethanol extract both before and after being formulated did not have a significant difference. The results of SPF value determination of the preparation showed a decrease in SPF value with a small difference compared to the SPF of the extract. Based on the results of the research, the preparation of sunscreen stick ethanol extract of fig leaves is worth formulating because it has sunscreen activity resulting from SPF values that meet the category and all evaluation requirements. Keywords: fig leaves, ethanol exctract of fig leaves, sunscreen stick, SPF value