Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Diare dan stunting pada anak < 5 tahun masih menjadi masalah
kesehatan masyarakat di negara-negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia. Penelitian
sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa praktik WASH yang baik sangat penting untuk
mengurangi prevalensi diare.

Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan diare, diare
berulang, dan stunting pada anak usia < 5 tahun yang berobat jalan atau rawat inap
di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross-sectional berbasis rumah sakit yang
dilakukan terhadap 133 responden antara bulan April-Mei 2024. Data dikumpulkan
menggunakan kuisioner terstruktur dan pengukuran antropometri. Uji bivariat dan
multivariat digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Nilai p

ABSTRACT Background: Diarrhea and stunting are still major public health problems among children < 5 years of age in developing countries including Indonesia. Meanwhile, studies show that water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) interventions are critical to reducing the prevalence of the diseases. Objective: To identify risk factors associated with diarrhea, recurrent diarhea, and stunting among children < 5 years of age who attended outpatient clinics or were admitted for treatment at RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Method: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study that was conducted among 133 participants between April-May 2024. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. Bivariate chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data. P < 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance at a 95% confidence interval. Results: The prevalence of diarrhea, recurrent diarrhea and stunting was 30.10%, 35.30% and 35.30%, respectively. Through bivariate analysis, diarrhea was associated with the main source of drinking water {p=0.04, OR 0.37 (95% CI=0.15 – 0.92)}, water treatment at home {p=0.00, OR 5 .28 (95% CI=1.89 – 14.69)}, child’s use of toilet {p=0.00, OR 0.64 (95% CI=0.56 – 0.74} and child’s fecal disposal {p=0.01, OR 0.65 (95% CI=0.57 – 0.75)}. Moreover, there is no risk factor that significantly correlated with recurrent diarrhea. Furthermore, stunting is associated with the main source of drinking water {p=0.04, OR 2.29 (95% CI = 1.07 – 4.89). Multivariate regression analyses revealed the determinant risk factors for diarrhea which include source of water for other needs {p= 0.04, OR= 2.68 (95% CI 1.04 – 6.94)}and drinking water treatment at home {p= 0.04, OR= 3.74 (95% CI 1.00 – 13.96). Moreover, there are no determinant risk factors found for recurrent diarrhea. Furthermore, the determinant risk factors for stunting is child’s fecal disposal {p= 0.03, OR= 0.26 (95% CI 0.08 – 0.85). Conclusion: The determinants factor of diarrhea are water sources for other needs, and water treatment at home. For stunting, the determinants factor is child’s fecal disposal. Keywords: diarrhea, recurrent diarrhea, stunting, risk factors, children < 5 years