Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Transisi menuju sumber energi terbarukan telah menjadi prioritas global dalam upaya mengatasi tantangan perubahan iklim dan ketergantungan terhadap bahan bakar fosil. Kawasan terisolir seperti Pulau Nasi, masih bergantung pada bahan bakar fosil dan sering menghadapi tantangan dalam menyediakan listrik yang andal. Suplai bahan bakar yang harus dikirim dari luar pulau membuat keterbatasan penyediaan energi listrik. Penelitian ini mengkaji peran microgrid sebagai solusi inovatif dalam menyediakan energi berkelanjutan di Pulau Nasi. Metode Heuristic Optimization dengan simulasi HOMER digunakan untuk menentukan konfigurasi sistem terbaik dari berbagai sumber energi, seperti tenaga surya, angin, dan baterai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rancangan microgrid yang diusulkan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan energi dengan total produksi listrik sebesar 2.933.398 kWh/tahun dari solar PV dan 1.186.299 kWh/tahun dari turbin angin. Total Net Present Cost (NPC) sistem sebesar Rp7.348.266.000, levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) sebesar -Rp85 Juta dan biaya operasional Rp2.946.462.000. Sistem mampu memenuhi kebutuhan energi harian sebesar 2,424.25 kWh dengan beban puncak 317.92 kW. Potensi pengembalian investasi Return on Investment (ROI) sebesar 3.7% dan Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 5.9%. Analisis lingkungan menunjukkan adanya emisi karbon dioksida sebesar 91,145 kg/tahun, sulfur dioksida sebesar 395 kg/tahun, dan nitrogen oksida sebesar 193 kg/tahun. Perancangan microgrid berbasis energi terbarukan terbukti menjadi solusi efektif untuk menyediakan pasokan listrik yang andal dan berkelanjutan di kawasan terisolir seperti Pulau Nasi.
Kata kunci : Perancangan, Microgrid, Inovasi Energi, Energi Terbarukan, Pulau Nasi

The transition to renewable energy sources has become a global priority in an effort to address the challenges of climate change and dependence on fossil fuels. Isolated areas, such as Nasi Island, are still dependent on fossil fuels and often face challenges in providing reliable electricity. Fuel supplies that must be shipped from outside the island create limitations on the provision of electrical energy. This research examines the role of microgrids as an innovative solution in providing sustainable energy on Nasi Island. Heuristic Optimization method with homer simulation is used to determine the best system configuration from various energy sources, such as solar, wind, and battery. The results show that the proposed microgrid design can meet energy needs with a total electricity production of 2,933,398 kWh/year from solar PV and 1,186,299 kWh/year from wind turbines. The total net present cost (NPC) of the system is Rp7,348,266,000, the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) is -Rp85 million and the operational cost is Rp2,946,462,000. The system is able to meet daily energy needs of 2,424.25 kWh with a peak load of 317.92 kW. Potential return on investment (ROI) of 3.7% and internal rate of return (IRR) of 5.9%. An environmental analysis showed carbon dioxide emissions of 91,145 kg/year, sulfur dioxide of 395 kg/year, and nitrogen oxides of 193 kg/year. Renewable energy-based microgrid design proved to be an effective solution to provide reliable and sustainable electricity supply in isolated areas such as Nasi Island. Keywords: Design, Microgrid, Energy Innovation, Renewable Energy, Nasi Island