Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Ketetapan mengenai ahli waris pengganti dalam Islam belum diatur dalam undang-undang di Indonesia, tetapi sudah diatur dalam Pasal 185 ayat (1) Kompilasi Hukum Islam bahwa ahli waris yang meninggal lebih dahulu daripada si pewaris maka kedudukannya dapat digantikan oleh anaknya dan dalam Yurisprudensi Mahkamah Agung No. 853 K/Sip/1978, namun tidak semua masyarakat menerapkan kaidah tersebut. Dalam proses pembagian harta warisan oleh masyarakat Aceh di Gampong Meunasah Teungku Digadong, Kecamatan Kota Juang, Kabupaten Bireuen terdapat ahli waris yang menolak untuk menerima bagian yang sudah disepakati dalam musyawarah padahal sudah menandatangani surat perdamaian sehingga harus diselesaikan pada jalur pengadilan.
Penulisan skripsi ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan prosedur pembagian harta warisan secara kekeluargaan di Gampong Meunasah Teungku Digadong, kedudukan ahli waris pengganti dalam penyelesaian sengketa kewarisan di Gampong Meunasah Teungku Digadong, serta kekuatan hukum pembagian harta warisan secara kekeluargaan di Gampong Meunasah Teungku Digadong setelah adanya Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 796 K/Ag/2018.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari penelitian kepustakaan berbagai referensi bacaan dan penelitian lapangan melalui wawancara responden dan informan. Data yang telah dikumpulkan selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prosedur pembagian harta warisan secara kekeluargaan di gampong tersebut umumnya dilaksanakan melalui 3 kali rapat penyelesaian faraid di hadapan para tokoh adat. Kedudukan ahli waris pengganti tidak diakui dalam pembagian harta warisan secara kekeluargaan di gampong tersebut karena menganut aturan patah titi. Kekuatan hukum pembagian harta warisan milik CA secara kekeluargaan di gampong tersebut setelah adanya Putusan Mahkamah Agung No. 796 K/Ag/2018, mempunyai kekuatan mengikat, kekuatan pembuktian, dan kekuatan eksekutorial, sehingga para pihak berkewajiban melaksanakan penyerahan harta warisan yang belum tuntas diserahkan kepada masing-masing ahli waris dengan bagian yang sama rata karena putusan tersebut telah membenarkan pembagian di gampong.
Disarankan ahli waris dapat mengajukan gugatan ke Mahkamah Syar’iyah agar menguatkan pembagian secara kekeluargaan harta warisan CA, pemerintah gampong dapat membuat reusam gampong tentang pengakuan kedudukan ahli waris pengganti dalam pembagian warisan, dan Pemerintah dapat melakukan pemberdayaan peradilan adat dalam menyelesaikan pembagian harta warisan.

The provisions regarding substitute heir in Islam have not been regulated in Indonesian law, but have been regulated in Article 185 paragraph (1) of the Compilation of Islamic Law that “heirs who die before the testator, their position can be replaced by their children” and in Supreme Court Jurisprudence No. 853 K/ Sip/1978, but not all people apply these rules. In the process of dividing the inheritance by the Acehnese community in Meunasah Teungku Digadong Village, Kota Juang District, Bireuen Regency, there are heirs who refused to accept the agreed portion in the deliberation even though they have signed a peace letter so that it must be resolved in court. The aims of writing this thesis is to explain the procedure of division of inheritance in the kinship manner in Meunasah Teungku Digadong Village, the position of substitute heir in the settlement of inheritance disputes in Meunasah Teungku Digadong Village, and the legal force of division of inheritance in the kinship manner in Meunasah Teungku Digadong Village after the excisting of the Supreme Court Decision No. 796 K/Ag/2018. This research uses empirical juridical method. The techniques of collecting data in this research are consisted of library research the various reading references and field research through interviewing respondents and informants. The data that has been collected is then analyzed by using qualitative approach. The research results showed that the procedure of division of inheritance in a kinship manner in that village was generally carried out through 3 times faraid settlement meetings in the presence of traditional leaders. The position of substitute heirs is not recognized in the division of inheritance in the kinship manner in that village because it adheres to the rule of patah titi. The legal force of the distribution of inheritance property belonging to CA in a kinship manner in that village after the Supreme Court Decision No. 796 K/Ag/2018, has binding force, evidentiary force, and executorial force, so that the parties are obliged to carry out the handover of inheritance that has not been completed shared to each of the heirs with the equally portion because that decision have justified the division in the village. It is suggested that the heirs can file a lawsuit to the Syar'iyah Court in order to strengthen the distribution of the CA's inheritance, the village government can make reusam gampong (village regulations) about recognition of the substitute heir’s position in division of inheritance, and the goverment can do the empowering of costumary court in resolving the division of inheritance.