Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Sapi Aceh merupakan kekayaan sumber daya genetik (SDG), salah satu rumpun sapi lokal Indonesia yang telah ditetapkan berdasarkan keputusan Kementerian Pertanian Nomor: 2907/KPTS/OT.140/6/2011 tanggal 17 Juni 2011. Sapi Aceh mempunyai keseragaman bentuk, fisik dan komposisi genetik serta kemampuan adaptasi dengan baik pada keterbatasan lingkungan sehingga perlu dilindungi, dilestarikan dan dikembangkan keunggulannya untuk kepentingan pemuliaan. Tujuan pemeliharaan sapi Aceh bagi masyarakat di Kabupaten Aceh Utara adalah sebagai penghasil daging, pupuk dan tabungan keluarga.
Pada tahun 2021, Kabupaten Aceh Utara memiliki populasi sapi Aceh betina berjumlah 69.200 ekor. Pada tahun 2022 menurun menjadi 68.500 ekor. Penurunan populasi Sapi Aceh betina diduga karena kurangnya ilmu pengetahuan peternak mengenai reproduksi dan keterbatasan sumber daya (modal, inovasi dan teknologi). Pentingnya penilaian terhadap karakteristik reproduksi terrnak ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tinggi rendahnya efisiensi reproduksi.
Penelitian ini sudah dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari hingga Februari 2024 di Kecamatan Tanah Luas Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Lokasi penelitian meliputi 5 Desa yaitu Desa Matong Baloy, Leupon Siren, Blang Pie, Matang Cibrek dan Cot Dah. Peternak yang menjadi responden ditetapkan secara purposive sampling, yaitu peternak yang memiliki sapi betina yang telah beranak 2 (dua) kali atau lebih. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian adalah umur birahi pertama (pubertas), kawin pertama, lama bunting, umur pertama beranak, PPM (post partum mating) dan jarak beranak (calving interval).
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa umur birahi pertama sapi Aceh betina di Kecamatan Tanah Luas rata-rata 14,55±2,06 bulan. Kawin pertama sapi betina rata-rata 19,08±1,61 bulan, lama kebuntingan rata-rata 9,23±0,18 bulan, umur pertama beranak rata-rata 28,92±0,80 bulan, PPM rata rata 4,65±1,01 bulan dan jarak beranak sapi Aceh betina di Kecamatan Tanah Luas rata-rata 13,68±2,89 bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sapi Aceh betina di Kecamatan Tanah Luas Kabupaten Aceh Utara Provinsi Aceh memiliki karakteristik reproduksi yang baik.

Aceh cattle are a wealth of genetic resources (SDG), one of Indonesia's local cattle breeds which has been determined based on the decision of the Ministry of Agriculture Number: 2907/KPTS/OT.140/6/2011 dated 17 June 2011. Aceh cattle have uniformity in shape, physical and genetic composition and ability to adapt well to environmental limitations so that its advantages need to be protected, preserved and developed for breeding purposes. The purpose of keeping Aceh cattle for the people of North Aceh Regency is to produce meat, fertilizer and family savings. In 2021, North Aceh Regency will have a population of 69,200 female Aceh cattle. In 2022 it will decrease to 68,500 head. The decline in the female Aceh Cattle population is thought to be due to a lack of knowledge among breeders regarding reproduction and limited resources (capital, innovation and technology). The importance of assessing the reproductive characteristics of livestock aims to determine the high and low levels of reproductive efficiency. This research was carried out from January to February 2024 in Tanah Luas District, North Aceh Regency. The research location includes 5 villages, namely Matong Baloy, Leupon Siren, Blang Pie, Matang Cibrek and Cot Dah. Farmers who were respondents were determined using purposive sampling, namely breeders who had female cows that had given birth 2 (two) times or more. The parameters observed in the research were age at first lust (puberty), first marriage, duration of pregnancy, age at first calving, PPM (post partum mating) and calving interval. Based on the results of this research, it shows that the average age of first heat for female Acehnese cows in Tanah Luas District is 14.55 ± 2.06 months. The average first mating of female cows is 19.08 ± 1.61 months, the average duration of pregnancy is 9.23 ± 0.18 months, the average age at first calving is 28.92 ± 0.80 months, the average PPM is 4, 65 ± 1.01 months and the calving interval for female Aceh cattle in Tanah Luas District is an average of 13.68 ± 2.89 months. The results of the research show that female Aceh cattle in Tanah Luas District, North Aceh Regency, Aceh Province have good reproductive characteristics.