Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Diabetes mellitus merupakan penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik tingginya glukosa dalam darah (hiperglikemia) yang diakibatkan kelainan kerja pangkreas, sekresi insulin, ataupun keduanya. Kaki diabetik merupakan salah satu komplikasi DM yang menyerang tungkai bawah disebabkan oleh trauma, neuropati perifer dan iskemik. Prevalensi ulkus kaki diabetik di dunia sekitar 6,3%, sedangkan di Indonesia sekitar 15% dari seluruh pasien DM, berujung diamputasi 30% dan mortalitas mencapai 32%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran profil bakteri pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dengan komplikasi luka kaki diabetik di RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan metode pengambilan data secara retrospektif yaitu melihat data rekam medis. Sampel penelitian ini adalah pasien dengan diagnosa utama DM tipe 2 dengan komplikasi kaki diabetik. Teknik pengambilan sampel dipilih berdasarkan teknik non probability sampling berupa total sampling yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi berjumlah 74 sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas berjenis kelamin laki-laki 52,7% dan tertinggi pada rentang usia 45-60 tahun 51,4%. Mengenai regio dorsalis pedis 58%, memiliki riwayat amputasi kaki 37,8%, dan derajat luka Wagner IV sebanyak 54,1%. Pola bakteri luka kaki diabetik yang ditemukan yaitu bakteri Staphylococcus aureus 19,0%, Escherichia coli 16,5% dan Proteus mirabilis 12,7%. Escherichia coli sensitif terhadap antibiotik amikasin 100%, meropenem 100%, imipenem 91,7% dan cefoperazone-sulbaktam 91,7%. Proteus mirabilis sensitif 100% terhadap antibiotik amikasin, meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, cefoperazone-sulbaktam, cefoxitin 90% dan ceftazidime 80%. Staphylococcus aureus sensitif 100% terhadap antibiotik doxycycline, nitrofurantoin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, linezolid 91,7%, rifampisin 81% dan vankomysin 78,6%.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by high levels of glucose in the blood (hyperglycemia) caused by abnormalities in the functioning of the pancreas, insulin secretion, or both. Diabetic foot is a complication of DM that attacks the lower limbs caused by trauma, peripheral neuropathy and ischemia. The prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers in the world is around 6.3%, while in Indonesia it is around 15% of all DM patients, leading to amputation in 30% and mortality reaching 32%. This study aims to determine the bacterial profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by diabetic foot wounds at RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. This research is a descriptive study with a retrospective data collection method, namely looking at medical record data. The sample for this study was patients with a primary diagnosis of type 2 DM with diabetic foot complications. The sampling technique was chosen based on a non-probability sampling technique in the form of a total sampling that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, amounting to 74 samples. The results showed that the majority were male, 52.7% and the highest was in the 45-60 year age range, 51.4%. Regarding the dorsalis pedis region, 58%, 37.8% had a history of leg amputation, and Wagner grade IV injuries were 54.1%. The bacterial pattern of diabetic foot wounds found was Staphylococcus aureus 19.0%, Escherichia coli 16.5% and Proteus mirabilis 12.7%. Escherichia coli is sensitive to the antibiotics 100% amikacin, 100% meropenem, 91.7% imipenem and 91.7% cefoperazone-sulbactam. Proteus mirabilis is 100% sensitive to the antibiotics amikacin, meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, cefoperazone-sulbactam, cefoxitin 90% and ceftazidime 80%. Staphylococcus aureus was 100% sensitive to the antibiotics doxycycline, nitrofurantoin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, linezolid 91.7%, rifampicin 81% and vancomycin 78.6%.