Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri merupakan salah satu masalah terbesar yang banyak diderita masyarakat sejak dulu, sehingga masih diperlukan pencarian bahan baku obat, terutama dari bahan alam yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.) merupakan tumbuhan obat yang telah digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk mengatasi penyakit infeksi.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas daun kirinyuh (Choromolaena odorata L.) sebagai antibakteri terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Staphylococcus aureus. Ekstrak metanol daun kirinyuh diperoleh dengan metode maserasi. Analisis kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder ekstrak metanol daun kirinyuh menggunakan metode skrining fitokimia. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi sumuran dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak 2,5; 5; 10; 15 dan 20%. Antibiotik Ciprofloxacin digunakan sebagai kontrol positif dan pelarut metanol sebagai kontrol negatif. Hasil karakterisasi simplisia daun kirinyuh menunjukkan simplisia mengandung kadar air sebesar 9%, kadar sari larut air 12,8%, kadar sari larut etanol 11,4% dan kadar abu total 7,55%. Sedangkan ekstrak metanol daun kirinyuh mengandung kadar air sebesar 9,8%, kadar sari larut air 19%, kadar sari larut etanol 47,4% dan kadar abu total 6,9%. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol daun kirinyuh mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan steroid. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol daun kirinyuh memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap P. aeruginosa dan S. aureus. Ekstrak metanol daun kirinyuh dengan konsentrasi 2,5; 5; 10; 15 dan 20% terhadap P. aeruginosa memiliki rata-rata diameter zona hambat berturut-turut sebesar 12,7; 14,11; 16; 17,18; dan 21,01 mm, sedangkan terhadap S. aureus memiliki rata-rata diameter zona hambat sebesar 12,65; 14,45; 15,53; 16,48; dan 18,53 mm.
Kata kunci: Kirinyuh, Choromolaena odorata L. Aktivitas antibakteri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus

Infectious diseases caused by bacteria have been one of the biggest problems that many people have suffered from for a long time. Therefore, it is still necessary to search for medicinal raw materials, especially natural ingredients with antibacterial activity. Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.) is a medicinal plant that has been used by the community to treat infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of kirinyuh leaves (Choromolaena odorata L.) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The methanol extract of kirinyuh leaves was obtained using the maceration method. The content of secondary metabolites in the methanol extract of kirinyuh leaves was analyzed using the phytochemical screening method. Antibacterial activity testing was conducted using the well-diffusion method with extract concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Ciprofloxacin antibiotic was used as a positive control, and methanol was used as a negative control. The results of the simplicia characterization of kirinyuh leaves showed that the simplicia contained 9% water content, 12.8% water-soluble extract, 11.4% ethanol-soluble extract, and 7.55% total ash content. Meanwhile, the methanol extract of kirinyuh leaves contained 9.8% water content, 19% water-soluble essence content, 47.4% ethanol-soluble extract content, and 6.9% total ash content. The results of the phytochemical tests showed that the methanol extract of kirinyuh leaves contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. The results of the antibacterial activity test showed that the methanol extract of kirinyuh leaves exhibited antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. The kirinyuh leaf methanol extract at concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% against P. aeruginosa had average inhibition zone diameters of 12.7 mm, 14.11 mm, 16 mm, 17.18 mm, and 21.01 mm, respectively. For S. aureus, the average inhibition zone diameters were 12.65 mm, 14.45 mm, 15.53 mm, 16.48 mm, and 18.53 mm. Keyword: Kirinyuh, Choromolaena odorata L. Antibacterial activity, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus