Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK
Newcastle disease (ND) merupakan penyakit infeksius yang merugikan dalam industri peternakan unggas. Ayam paling peka terhadap ND, sedangkan itik berperan sebagai reservoir yang jarang menunjukkan gejala klinis. Infeksi virus menyebabkan tubuh host menghasilkan berbagai protein antivirus, salah satunya viperin. Viperin merupakan interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) memodulasi sinyal kekebalan bawaan yang memperlihatkan aktivitas antivirus. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui ekspresi protein viperin dan perbedaan derajat ekspresinya pada organ pernapasan ayam kampung dan itik yang diinfeksikan isolat virus Newcastle disease (VND) virulen asal Aceh menggunakan pewarnaan imunohistokimia (IHK). Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah jaringan paru-paru ayam kampung dan itik yang telah dikoleksi pada hari ke-1, 3, dan 7 pasca infeksi. Data hasil Ekspresi protein viperin dideskripsikan lokasi imunopositif dan diskoring derajat sel imunopositif per lapang pandang dengan kategori sedikit, sedang, dan banyak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan protein viperin terekspresi pada semua sampel jaringan paru-paru ayam kampung dan itik, kecuali pada sampel kontrol negatif. Sel yang imunopositif terhadap protein viperin terdapat pada epitel mesobronkus dan parabronkus, serta sitoplasma sel-sel inflamasi. Perbedaan ekspresi protein viperin terdapat pada hari pertama pasca infeksi, yaitu pada ayam kampung terekspresi dengan derajat sedikit dan pada itik terekspresi dengan derajat sedang, sedangkan pada hari ke-3 dan 7 pasca infeksi ekspresi viperin tidak berbeda karena terekspresi dengan derajat banyak pada jaringan paru-paru ayam kampung maupun itik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa protein viperin terekspresi terhadap induksi VND virulen asal Aceh, serta terdapat perbedaan derajat sel imunopositif pada hari pertama pasca infeksi pada jaringan paru-paru ayam kampung dan itik.
Kata kunci : imunohistokimia, Newcastle disease, paru-paru, viperin

ABSTRACT Newcastle disease (ND) is an infectious disease that is detrimental to the poultry farming industry. Chickens are most sensitive to ND, while ducks act as reservoirs that rarely show clinical symptoms. Viral infection causes the host's body to produce various antiviral proteins, one of which is viperin. Viperin is an interferon-stimulated gene (ISGs) modulating innate immune signaling that displays antiviral activity. This study aims to determine the expression of viperin protein and differences in the degree of expression in the respiratory organs of domestic chickens and ducks infected with the virulent Newcastle disease isolate (VND) virus from Aceh using immunohistochemical staining. The samples used in this study were domestic chicken and duck lung tissue which had been collected on days 1, 3, and 7 after infection. Result data Viperin protein expression described the location of immunopositive and scoring degrees of immunopositive cells per field of view with low, moderate, and a lot of categories. The results showed that viperin protein was expressed in all lung tissue samples of domestic chickens and ducks, except for the negative control samples. Cells that are immunopositive for viperin protein are present in the mesobroncus and parabroncus epithelium, and cytoplasm of inflammatory cells. Differences in the expression of viperin protein were found on the first day after infection, in domestic chicken expressed with a few degrees and in ducks expressed with a moderate degree, whereas on days 3 and 7 after infection, viperin expressions did not differ because it was expressed with a lot degree in lung tissue domestic chickens and ducks. It can be concluded that viperin protein can be expressed against the induction of virulent VND from Aceh, and there are differences in the degree of immunopositive cells on the first day after infection in the lung tissue of domestic chickens and ducks. Keywords: immunohistochemistry, Newcastle disease, lungs, viperin