Electronic Theses and Dissertation

KONSENTRASI HAMBAT MINIMUM (KHM) DAN KONSENTRASI BUNUH MINIMUM (KBM) EKSTRAK DAUN MALAKA
(Phyllanthus emblica) TERHADAP
Aeromonas hydrophila


ABSTRAK
Daun malaka (Phyllanthus emblica) merupakan tanaman herbal yang bermanfaat dalam pengobatan berbagai penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kemampuan daun malaka (Phyllanthus emblica) yang diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut etil asetat dan metanol dalam menghambat dan membunuh bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila berdasarkan Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) dan Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimum (KBM). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain rancangan acak kelompok yaitu kelompok ekstrak etil asetat dan metanol daun malaka yang masing-masing terdiri dari sembilan konsentrasi yaitu 10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 250, 500, 750 dan 1000 ppm dan kontrol antibiotik kloramfenikol. Ekstraksi etil asetat dan metanol daun malaka menggunakan metode maserasi bertingkat. Bakteri uji yang digunakan yaitu Aeromonas hydrophila. Hasil Pemeriksaan KHM berdasarkan kejernihan dan kekeruhan pada media NB sedangkan hasil pemeriksaan KBM berdasarkan uji pertumbuhan pada media Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) dengan teknik streak. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian uji KHM ekstrak etil asetat dan metanol daun malaka berdasarkan kejernihan dan kekeruhan pada semua konsentrasi menunjukkan kekeruhan. Sedangkan uji KBM pada kedua ekstrak menunjukkan adanya pertumbuhan bakteri pada setiap konsentrasi yang digunakan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etil asetat dan metanol daun malaka pada semua konsentrasi tidak dapat menghambat dan membunuh bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila berdasarkan KHM dan KBM.

Kata kunci: Aeromonas hydrophila, ekstrak daun malaka, konsentrasi hambat minimum, konsentrasi bunuh minimum.

MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION (MIC) AND MINIMUM BACTERICIDAL CONCENTRATION (MBC) MALACCA LEAF EXTRACT (Phyllanthus emblica) AGAINTS Aeromonas hydrophila ABSTRACT Malacca leaf (Phyllanthus emblica) is an herbal plant that is useful in the treatment of various diseases. This study aims to determine the ability of malacca leaves (Phyllanthus emblica) extracted using ethyl acetate and methanol as solvents in inhibiting and killing Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria based on the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). This study used a randomized block design with two solvents (ethyl acetate and methanol) and 9 concentrations (10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 ppm). The control positive was antibiotic chloramphenicol, while control negative was aquadest. Extraction of malacca leaves was conducted using multilevel maceration method. The test bacteria used was Aeromonas hydrophila. The results of the MIC examination were based on the clarity and turbidity of the NB media, while the results of the MBC examination were based on the growth test on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) media with the streak technique. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results of the MIC test of ethyl acetate and methanol extract of malacca leaves based on clarity and turbidity at all concentrations showed turbidity. While the MBC test on both extracts showed the presence of bacterial growth at each concentration used. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the ethyl acetate and methanol extract of malacca leaves cannot inhibit and kill Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria based on the MIC and MBC tests. Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, malacca leaf extract, minimum Inhibitory moncentration, minimum bactericidal concentration.