Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Diabetes mellitus merupakan penyakit tingginya kadar glukosa dalam darah yang sering terjadi pada lansia, sehingga lansia memiliki kemampuan dalam perawatan diri (Self-care Agency) dan mengatur pola diet makanan untuk mencegah komplikasi yang berbahaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran self-care agency dan pola diet diabetes mellitus pada lansia laki-laki di Kota Banda Aceh. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif eksploratif, metode pendekatan sectional study. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 118 lansia laki-laki diabetes mellitus yang diambil dengan purposive sampling. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner The Summary of Diabetes mellitus Activities questionnaire dengan nilai validitas 0,98 dan nilai reliabilitas 0,72 untuk variabel Self-care agency, sedangkan untuk variabel pola diet mrnggunakan kuesioner UK-Diabetes and Diet Questionnaire (UKDDQ) dengan Cronbach Alpha 0,765. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan self-care agency lansia laki-laki dengan diabetes mellitus pada lima dimensi yaitu diet/pola makan, aktivitas fisik , perawatan kaki, dan minum obat rata-rata 3 hari dalam satu minggu terakhir, untuk monitoring gula darah rata-rata 2 hari dalam satu minggu terakhir. Untuk pola diet pada lansia laki-laki yang berada kategori sehat yaitu (kue manis (67,8%), permen dan coklat (85,6%), minuman manis (68,6%), mentega dan margarin (66,9%), keju (70,3%), daging olahan (71,2%), cemilan asin (62,7%), gorengan (61,0%), makanan cepat saji (69,5%), agar-agar (61,0%), mengkonsumsi ikan (66,1%) minum alkohol (100%),makan di jam 7-8 pagi (25,4%), cemilan tinggi gula dan lemak (63,6%), sereal tinggi serat (52,5%), dan susu (52,5%)). Sedangkan untuk kategori kurang sehat yaitu (sayur (52,5%), buah-buahan (45,8%), dan makan teratur (46,6%)). Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa masih ada lansia belum melakukan aktivitas self-care selama seminggu dimana masih ada diet yang tidak sehat sehingga disarankan kepada petugas kesehatan untuk meningkatkan manajemen promosi tentang diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus is a disease of high blood glucose levels that often occurs in the elderly. Hence, the elderly must have the ability to take care of themselves (Self-care Agency) and maintain their dietary pattern to prevent dangerous complications. This study aims to describe self-care agency and dietary patterns of diabetes mellitus among elderly men in Banda Aceh. This study is quantitative research with an exploratory descriptive design and uses a sectional study approach. 118 elderly men with diabetes mellitus were chosen through the purposive sampling technique as respondents. The data for the self-care agency variable were collected through The Summary of Diabetes Mellitus Activities questionnaire with a validity value of 0.98 and a reliability value of 0.72, and the data for the dietary pattern variable were collected through UK-Diabetes and Diet Questionnaire (UKDDQ) with Cronbach Alpha of 0.765. The result of this study showed that there are 5 dimensions of self-care agency in elderly men with diabetes mellitus, namely diet, physical activity, foot care, taking medication for 3 days on average in the last one week, and monitoring blood sugar levels with 2 days in average within the last week. Moreover, diet patterns in elderly men who are in the healthy category, namely sweet cakes (67.8%), candy and chocolate (85.6%), sweet drinks (68.6%), butter and margarine (66.9%), cheese (70.3%), processed meat (71.2%), salty snacks (62.7%), fried foods (61.0%), fast food (69.5%), jelly (61.0%), fish (63.6%), alcohol (100%), having breakfast at 7-8 AM (25.4%), snacks high in sugar and fat (63.6%), high-fiber cereals (52.5%), and milk (52.5%). Furthermore, diet patterns in elderly men who are in the less healthy category, namely vegetables (52.5%), fruits (45.8%), and regular mealtimes (46.6%). The result of this study showed that self-care agency activities have not been carried out by elderly men for a week and some are on an unhealthy diet. It is recommended that health workers improve promotion management regarding diabetes mellitus.