Electronic Theses and Dissertation

UJI RESISTENSI Salmonella sp. DARI TANGAN PEDAGANG, PEMBELI DAN DAGING AYAM DI TPU PASAR LAMBARO,
KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR


ABSTRAK

Salmonella sp. merupakan penyebab penyakit salmonellosis yang bersifat zoonosis dan dapat ditularkan melalui bahan pangan asal hewan. Salah satu pengobatan yang biasa digunakan untuk menurunkan angka infeksi Salmonella sp. yaitu dengan pemberian antibiotik. Pemberian antibiotik yang terus menerus dan tidak prosedural telah memicu munculnya resistensi dari bakteri tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi adanya bakteri Salmonella sp. yang resisten pada tangan pedagang, tangan pembeli, dan daging ayam di TPU Pasar Lambaro, Kabupaten Aceh Besar dan mengkaji penerapan biosekuriti yang diilaksanakan di TPU tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode dalam bentuk survey dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode simple random sampling. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan isolasi sebanyak 5 sampel tangan pedagang, 10 sampel tangan pembeli dan 15 sampel daging ayam, ditemukan hasil dengan persentase 40% pada tangan pedagang, 10% pada tangan pembeli dan 47% pada daging ayam positif terkontaminasi Salmonella sp. Sampel positif tersebut selanjutnya dilanjutkan dengan pengujian kepekaan bakteri terhadap 3 antibiotik, yaitu ampicilin, gentamicin dan ciprofloxacin menggunakan metode Kirby Bauer pada media Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA). Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan terjadinya resistensi isolat Salmonella sp. dari tangan pedagang dan tangan pembeli sebesar 100% terhadap ampicilin, gentamicin dan ciprofloxacin. Sedangkan daging ayam mengalami resistensi terhadap ampicillin sebesar 86%, gentamicin sebesar 71% dan ciprofloxacin sebesar 57%. Penerapan biosekuriti yang dilakukan di TPU tesebut tergolong buruk. Pada penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Salmonella sp. dari tangan pedagang, tangan pembeli dan daging ayam di TPU Pasar Lambaro, Kabupaten Aceh Besar telah mengalami resistensi terhadap ketiga jenis antibiotik yang diuji.

Kata Kunci : Salmonella sp, antibiotik, resistensi, biosekuriti.

RESISTANCE TEST of Salmonella sp. FROM THE HANDS of TRADERS, BUYERS AND CHICKEN MEAT at TPU LAMBARO MARKET, ACEH BESAR DISTRICT ABSTRACT Salmonella sp. is the cause of salmonellosis which is zoonotic and can be transmitted through food of animal origin. One of the commonly used treatments to reduce the infection rate of Salmonella sp. namely the administration of antibiotics. The continuous and unprocedural administration of antibiotics has triggered the emergence of resistance from these bacteria. This study aims to detect the presence of Salmonella sp. which are resistant to the hands of traders, buyers, and chicken meat at Pasar Lambaro TPU, Aceh Besar District and examine the application of biosecurity carried out at the TPU. The method used is a method in the form of a survey with a cross sectional approach. Sampling was done by simple random sampling method. This study isolated 5 samples of the hands of traders, 10 samples of buyers' hands and 15 samples of chicken meat, the results were found with a percentage of 40% on the hands of traders, 10% on the hands of buyers and 47% on positive chicken meat contaminated with Salmonella sp. The positive sample was then followed by testing the sensitivity of bacteria to 3 antibiotics, namely ampicillin, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin using the Kirby Bauer method on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) media. The results obtained indicate the occurrence of resistance to Salmonella sp. from the hands of traders and buyers of 100% of ampicillin, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. Meanwhile, chicken meat was resistant to ampicillin by 86%, gentamicin by 71% and ciprofloxacin by 57%. The application of biosecurity carried out at the TPU is considered poor. In this study it can be concluded that Salmonella sp. from the hands of traders, buyers and chicken meat at Pasar Lambaro TPU, Aceh Besar District has experienced resistance to the three types of antibiotics tested. Keywords: Salmonella sp, antibiotics, resistance, biosecurity.