Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) merupakan penyebab kematian tertinggi di dunia
yang ditandai dengan penumpukan plak di dalam arteri koroner. Rehabilitasi
jantung terstruktur direkomendasikan sebagai bagian dari pencegahan sekunder
karena terbukti mampu meningkatkan kapasitas fungsional. Salah satu metode
objektif untuk menilai kapasitas fungsional adalah ergocycle test yang dinyatakan
dalam metabolic equivalents (METs). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui
perbedaan kapasitas fungsional sebelum dan sesudah latihan rehabilitasi jantung
terstruktur pada pasien penyakit jantung koroner yang diukur dengan ergocycle test.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan rancangan pre-test dan
post-test. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode total sampling. Subjek
penelitian berjumlah 58 pasien PJK yang mengikuti program rehabilitasi jantung
terstruktur selama 12 sesi latihan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata kapasitas
fungsional meningkat dari 4,46 ± 1,14 METs sebelum latihan menjadi 5,16 ± 1,41
METs setelah latihan, dengan peningkatan rata-rata sebesar 0,70 METs. Analisis
bivariat menggunakan uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang
bermakna secara statistik antara kapasitas fungsional sebelum dan sesudah latihan
rehabilitasi jantung terstruktur (p = 0,000; p < 0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat
perbedaan kapasitas fungsional sebelum dan sesudah latihan rehabilitasi jantung
terstruktur pada pasien penyakit jantung koroner, dengan kecenderungan
peningkatan kapasitas fungsional setelah mengikuti program rehabilitasi jantung.
Kata kunci: Penyakit Jantung Koroner, Latihan Rehabilitasi Jantung, Kapasitas
Fungsional, Ergocycle Test

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death worldwide and is characterized by the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries. Structured cardiac rehabilitation is recommended as a component of secondary prevention, as it has been proven to improve patients’ functional capacity. One objective method to assess functional capacity is the ergocycle test, which is expressed in metabolic equivalents (METs). This study aimed to determine the difference in functional capacity before and after structured cardiac rehabilitation exercise in patients with coronary heart disease measured using the ergocycle test. This study was an analytical observational study using a pre-test and post-test design. The sampling technique employed was total sampling. A total of 58 CHD patients who participated in a structured cardiac rehabilitation program for 12 sessions were included in this study. The results showed that the mean functional capacity increased from 4.46 ± 1.14 METs before exercise to 5.16 ± 1.41 METs after exercise, with a mean increase of 0.70 METs. Bivariate analysis using the Wilcoxon test showed a statistically significant difference between functional capacity before and after structured cardiac rehabilitation exercise (p = 0.000; p < 0.05). In conclusion, there is a significant difference in functional capacity before and after structured cardiac rehabilitation exercise in patients with coronary heart disease, with an improvement in functional capacity observed following participation in the cardiac rehabilitation program. Keywords: Coronary Heart Disease, Cardiac Rehabilitation, Functional Capacity, Ergocycle Test