Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Abstrak daun gandarusa (justicia gendarussa) dan daun mimba (azadirachta indica) merupakan tanaman yang diketahui memiliki efek antifertilitas. meskipun telah banyak penelitian mengenai efek ekstrak daun gandarusa dan daun mimba sebagai antifertilitas jantan, namun belum ada yang menggunakan kombinasinya sebagai antifertilitas, khususnya pada kelinci. selain itu, masih sedikit peneliti yang melihat perkembangan sel spermatid dan ekspresi reseptor androgen (ra) pada kelinci sebagai dasar penentuan kemampuan antifertilitas suatu ekstrak. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun gandarusa, daun mimba dan kombinasinya terhadap perkembangan sel-sel spermatid dan ekspresi ra. jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan rancangan acak lengkap (ral). sebanyak 28 ekor kelinci jantan dikelompokkan menjadi 7 kelompok perlakuan dengan 4 ulangan yaitu kelompok p0/kontrol (0 mg/kg bb), p1 diberikan ekstrak daun mimba 200 mg/kg bb, p2 diberikan ekstrak daun mimba 300 mg/kg bb, p3 diberikan ekstrak daun gandarusa 200 mg/kg bb, p4 diberikan ekstrak daun gandarusa 300 mg/kg bb, p5 diberikan kombinasi 200 mg/kg bb dan p6 diberikan kombinasi 300 mg/kg bb (50:50). ekstrak diberikan per oral selama 52 hari. pewarnaan pas digunakan untuk mengamati perkembangan sel spermatid, penghitungan jumlah sel spermatid difokuskan pada tubulus seminiferus stage i, ii, iv dan v. tubulus seminiferus yang dihitung pada masing-masing kelompok perlakuan berjumlah 20 tubulus. data jumlah sel spermatid meliputi round spermatid, elongating spermatid dan elongated spermatid. imunoreaktivitas reseptor androgen diamati menggunakan pewarnaan ihk metode abc, identifikasi hasil pewarnaan dilakukan dengan memberikan skoring menggunakan intensity score (is). hasil penelitian pemberian ekstrak daun mimba, daun gandarusa, dan kombinasinya berpengaruh secara nyata (p0,05). intensitas ra pada kelompok perlakuan p0 tidak berbeda secara signifikan (p>0,05) dengan p1, p2, p3, p4, p5 dan p6. kesimpulan yang diperoleh yaitu ekstrak daun mimba, daun gandarusa, dan kombinasinya mampu menurunkan jumlah sel spermatid, dan dosis efektif adalah ekstrak daun mimba 300 mg/kg bb (p2) dan dosis kombinasi 300 mg/kg bb (p6). namun ekstrak daun gandarusa, daun mimba, dan kombinasinya tidak menurunkan ekspresi ra. kata kunci: justicia gendarussa, azadirachta indica, antifertilitas, spermatid, reseptor androgen

ABSTRACT Gendarusa leaves (Justicia gendarussa) and neem leaves (Azadirachta indica) are plants that are known to be used as antifertility. Despite several research on the effect of these extracts on male infertility. No one has combined gendarusa and neem leaves extracts as an antifertility agent, notably in rabbits. In addition, there are still few researchers who look at spermatid cell development and RA expression in rabbits as the basis for determining the antifertility ability of an extract. The purpose of this research is to determine the effects of gendarusa leaves extract, neem leaves extract, and the combinations on the spermatid cell development and expression of RA. This type of research is laboratory experimental study with Completely Randomized Design (CRD). A total of 28 male rabbits were grouped into 7 treatment groups with 4 replicates, namely group P0/control (0 mg/kg BW), P1 was given neem leaves extract 200 mg/kg BW, P2 was given neem leaves extract 300 mg/kg BW, P3 was given gendarusa leaves extract 200 mg/kg BW, P4 was given gendarusa leaves extract 300 mg/kg BW, P5 was given a combination of 200 mg/kg BW and P6 was given a combination of 300 mg/kg BW (50:50). The extract was administered orally for 52 days. PAS staining was used to observe the development of spermatid cells, counting the number of spermatid cells focused on stage I, II, IV, and V seminiferous tubules. The seminiferous tubules counted in each treatment group totaled 20 tubules. Data on the number of spermatid cells includes round spermatids, elongating spermatids, and elongated spermatids. Androgen receptor immunoreactivity was observed using the IHC staining ABC method, identification of staining results was carried out by scoring using the intensity score (IS). The study's findings indicate that spermatid cell counts in the treatment groups P1, P2, P3, P4, and P6 were significantly decreased by neem leaves, gandarusa leaves, and combination extracts when compared to the control group (P0), but not in the P5 group (P>0.05). The P0 treatment group's RA intensity did not differ from that of the P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, and P6 significantly (P>0.05). The conclusion obtained is that extracts of neem leaves, gandarusa leaves, and the combinations can reduce the number of spermatid cells, and the effective dose is neem leaves extract 300 mg/kg BW (P2) and the combination dose 300 mg/kg BW (P6). However, the expression of RA was not decreased by neem, gandarusa, or the combined extracts. Keywords: Justicia gendarussa, Azadirachta indica, antifertility, spermatid, androgen receptor